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| 1 |
ID:
167035
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| Summary/Abstract |
The absence of adequate modern sources of energy impedes the presence of decent living conditions. This very lack of modern sources of energy is Energy Poverty. Lack of availability, accessibility, and affordability are the main reasons behind this problem. In the literature, all three aspects were not covered together. In this paper, we have developed a composite index of energy poverty to measure the magnitude of energy poverty in the ASEAN region and India, where we capture all three elements. The measure revealed the degree of problem in each country, with Cambodia being the most energy poor amongst the countries in the study and Thailand being the least energy poor. To dig deeper into the problem at the micro level and to deliberate the policy implications, we developed detailed village-level case studies and analysed region-specific energy poverty. We thus identify the key root causes and propose effective solutions to eradicate the prevailing problem in these regions.
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| 2 |
ID:
148506
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| Summary/Abstract |
Food security is a basic requirement of livelihood. A major source of calories is carbohydrates which are mainly derived from foodgrains. This article addresses the foodgrain deficiency in India, across its states, regions and at the household level. The study further analyses the causal effect of subsidies from India’s public distribution system, the share of home-produced foodgrain in total consumption of foodgrains, food diversification, monthly per capita consumption expenditure and socio-religious factors on foodgrain deficiency. The analysis is based on the National Sample Survey’s unit-level data at three points of time: 1999–2000, 2004–05 and 2009–10. Foodgrain deficiency has been captured at the national level and across states by suitably adapting Foster, Greer and Thorbecke’s (1984) measure of poverty. Panel regression has been done at the state-region level to analyse the impact of the above-mentioned determinants on foodgrain deficiency. For the household-level regression, the dependent variable is deviation from the desired norm of 8.6 kg of foodgrain per consumer unit per month. Quantile regression analysis is done at the household level to capture the impact of the determinants at different segments of foodgrain deviations. We find that foodgrain deficiency levels have increased for ‘all-classes’ and the ‘below-poverty-level class’ but the deficiency levels are not very high and can be managed with suitable measures. It is further found that the determinants have a significant influence on foodgrain deficiency and foodgrain deviation at the state-region and household levels, respectively. Suitable policy measures have also been identified.
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| 3 |
ID:
104271
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
POVERTY as a complicated economic and social phenomenon with a frequently decisive political impact has traveled a long road to arrive at the top of international agenda. The international community recognized it as a worldwide phenomenon inherited from the distant past and the tribal system which has survived millennia to become the only mode of life for the majority of those living on Earth on the brink of physiological survival. Poverty is a sign of inadequate economic development and an unfair distribution of the national income.
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