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| 1 |
ID:
105015
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines Egypt's stance on cannabis prohibition, from the 1870s ban on cultivation and consumption, to the role Egypt played in the international ban on traffic in cannabis, in the 1924-25 International Opium Conference. Relying on Egyptian polemic writing, British correspondences and League of Nations documentation, this article argues that elite concerns with national modernity, rather than merely British colonial interests, motivated Egyptian drug policy and diplomacy. This article further demonstrates the effects of the Egyptian ban on consumption, as well as on production - across and beyond national borders.
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| 2 |
ID:
105019
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| 3 |
ID:
105020
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article discusses how changes in the welfare regime are shaped by the inherited institutional setting as well as by politics with reference to the particular case of Turkey, where the former social security system combined Bismarckian conservatism with informality and clientelism. Both the reassertion of traditional forms of solidarity and the discovery of social rights as an aspect of equal citizenship figure in the currently emerging social solidarity models. The ability of political actors to defend these contesting models is likely to influence the ongoing transformation of the countryãs eclectic welfare regime.
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| 4 |
ID:
105017
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Kuwait's liberalization of the press and publication law in 2006 sparked a threefold increase in the number of Arabic language newspapers that defied conventional wisdom about print media decline and also survived the world financial crisis. The article provides a political explanation for this puzzle, arguing that newspapers serve as political instruments in elite rivalries in Kuwait's semi-democratic setting. It qualifies the idea of newspapers as civil society institutions and shows how political control is reproduced in a liberal context. It thereby contributes to our understanding of the role of the press in hybrid regimes.
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| 5 |
ID:
105018
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study analyses how America and the American people are reflected in Arabic novels written in different parts of the Arab world. In a number of novels the depiction of America and Americans is incidental, while in others it constitutes a fundamental element of the composition. The study inquires into the way Americans are described as individuals and as representative types in works of literature. We find that the image of Americans in the novels which constituted the corpus of the study is overwhelmingly negative. The reason for this appears to lie in America's pro-Israel policy and its opposition to numerous people's aspirations for freedom and progress.
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| 6 |
ID:
105016
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article looks at the Iranian Constitution of 1906 and its Supplement of 1907 in terms of the existing trend towards the centralization and strengthening of the state, looking in detail at the role of the reformist higher bureaucracy in pursuing these objectives in the drafting of the Constitution. It also considers the question of the long term trend relating to control of power in the form of the army, and the way the issue was handled in the two documents. It concludes that the rights of the people were weakened by these particular trends, and that modern principles of legitimacy recognized traditional practice with regard to the army, and thereby also undermined accountability.
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