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| 1 |
ID:
107325
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study sought to investigate the impact of firm and non-firm characteristics on crime incidence in South Africa using a Probit model and 2007 data from World Bank enterprise surveys. Results show that the firm characteristics in the country that increase the likelihood of being subjected to crime is the size of the firm, ownership structure (foreign or locally owned), and market orientation. Small firms appear to be more vulnerable to criminal attack, probably because they lack resources to invest in quality security systems. The study also found that firms that are foreign owned and are involved in export experience less incidence of crime compared to others. This can be partly attributed to the fact that most of these outward-oriented or foreign-owned firms are relatively large in size and are thus able to spend more on security systems that are effective in detecting and deterring crime. There is therefore a need for government, together with the business community, to come up with affordable but effective security measures to assist small establishments, locally owned and inward-oriented firms to detect and combat crime. This would lead to greater industrial growth, investment promotion and employment creation.
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| 2 |
ID:
116506
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Product selection matters for a firm's productivity and long-run growth. Recent theoretical and empirical studies indicate that an important margin of adjustment to policy reforms is the reallocation of output within firms through changes in product mix decisions. This paper examines the frequency, pervasiveness and determinants of product-switching and upgrading activities in firms located in China's state-owned forest areas during a period of gradual institutional and managerial reforms (2004-2008). We find that changes to the product mix are pervasive and characterized by adding or churning products rather than only shedding products. Moreover, changes in firms' product mix have made a significant contribution to the aggregate output growth during our sample period. We also find that firms with different characteristics, human capital and market conditions differ in their propensity to diversify and upgrade product mix.
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