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ID:
107445
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past seven decades, democratic powers, led by the United States,
have attempted to bring about democracy through external military imposition.
While research to date has generally pointed toward the conclusion that
such efforts are often not successful in effecting full-fledged democracy,
studies almost exclusively have focused on how interventions have affected
institutional measures of democracy in target countries (as opposed to
political rights or political competitiveness). In addition, such studies have
not recognized that there is more than one way to denote a democratizing
intervention. I find that, regardless of what measure of democracy one uses,
attempts to force democracy are generally not successful. However, "success"
also depends to a degree upon how one chooses to define attempts at forced
democratization. This research reinforces existing research, indicating that
democratizing interventions are rarely found to result in healthy consolidated
democracies over the long term.
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| 2 |
ID:
190801
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| Summary/Abstract |
The six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have received criticism for being slow to conform to global human rights norms. They have lagged in signing global treaties and covenants and have not enforced many of the laws they have on the books. However, for three key reasons, hope exists that continued engagement with these countries on human rights issues may lead to progress. First, despite a lack of progress in some areas, such as political and civil rights, the region has made great progress overall in just a few decades, especially regarding economic and social rights. Second, GCC countries have begun incorporating human rights language into domestic legislation and their own local discourse. Third, economic and social changes are on the horizon for the region in the medium to long term, which may lead to political changes in the next few decades.
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| 3 |
ID:
128933
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| 4 |
ID:
128805
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