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| 1 |
ID:
171381
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| Summary/Abstract |
The radical changes that the electricity systems undergo due to environmental concerns and technological developments inevitably formulate new conditions for all actors in the electricity market: new market roles for existing actors as well as new actors with roles yet to be defined. The role of citizens as active market participants becomes central in the energy transition. This is empowered by the rapid increase in the penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) comprising mainly distributed generators and flexible demand. The way DER will participate in the energy markets is of utmost importance, since this will critically affect the on-going decentralization of the energy system.
In this paper three fundamental models for DER integration in the market procedures are presented: direct DER participation, management through set-points or through price signals by a monopoly non-profit LEC or by a profit-maximizing monopoly aggregator, respectively. The models are formulated as optimization programming problems solved using commercially available software. Their evaluation is based on the study of several cost scenarios and their impact on significant indices that reveal the effect of the different market designs to the market participants.
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| 2 |
ID:
183043
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| Summary/Abstract |
The rapid integration of renewable energy sources and demand-side participation has changed how electrical energy is being purchased, transmitted, distributed, or even consumed. It has opened new opportunities for the Indian power sector to redefine its existing operational and business models to cope with the unique challenges and follow an approach that maximizes social welfare across all energy supply chain segments. This journey will have significant impacts on the Distribution companies (DISCOMs). The anticipated segregation of wire and supply business would bring more operational efficiency in the distribution sector. The subsequent entry of retailers will handle the supply business of electricity. A new entity is likely to emerge as Distribution System Operator (DSO), providing network access, grid services and enabling consumer market participation. The emergence of DSO is decisive in achieving better socioeconomic and environmental benefits. The idea of DSO is still at the conceptual level in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present the DSO definition, highlight its need, enlist various DSO functions, and suggest possible DSO creation options. DSO's few competitive market models are examined from the Indian perspective, which will engage all stakeholders actively and ensure the reliable and efficient operation of the overall Indian power grid.
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| 3 |
ID:
107488
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this paper, we analyze the impact of uncertain disruptions in gas supply upon gas retailer contracting behavior and consequent price and welfare implications in a gas market characterized by long-term gas contracts using a static Cournot model. In order to most realistically describe the economical situation, our representation divides the market into two stages: the upstream market that links, by means of long-term contracts, producers in exporting countries (Russia, Algeria, etc.) to local retailers who bring gas to the consuming countries to satisfy local demands in the downstream market. Disruption costs are modeled using short-run demand functions. First we mathematically develop a general model and write the associated KKT conditions, then we propose some case studies, under iso-elasticity assumptions, for the long-short-run inverse-demand curves in order to predict qualitatively and quantitatively the impacts of supply disruptions on Western European gas trade. In the second part, we study in detail the German gas market of the 1980s to explain the supply choices of the German retailer, and we derive interesting conclusions and insights concerning the amounts and prices of natural gas brought to the market. The last part of the paper is dedicated to a study of the Bulgarian gas market, which is greatly dependent on the Russian gas supplies and hence very sensitive to interruption risks. Some interesting conclusions are derived concerning the necessity to economically regulate the market, by means of gas amounts control, if the disruption probability is high enough.
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| 4 |
ID:
122821
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In most parts of the post-socialist world high expectations regarding privatisation were quickly disappointed when it became obvious that property practices did not follow the ideal type predicted by market models. The article addresses this divergence and emphasises the necessity of overcoming the dualism of an ideal type of property rights on the one hand and the way property is handled in everyday life on the other. It argues that concrete situations as well as the necessary justifications of practices have hitherto both been widely neglected as empirical foci in studies on property relations. Five brief episodes from the privatisation of collective farms in rural Russia serve as examples to illustrate how situations and justifications are reflexively linked by drawing on and negotiating about differing 'orders of worth'.
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