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ID: 107636

Offshore wind power grid connection: the impact of shallow versus super-shallow charging on the cost-effectiveness of public support / Weibensteiner, Lukas; Haas, Reinhard; Auer, Hans

Weibensteiner, Lukas	Journal Article
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2011.

Summary/Abstract

Public support for electricity generation from renewable energy sources is commonly funded by non-voluntary transfers from electricity consumers to producers. Apparently, the cost-effective disposition of funds in terms of induced capacity deployment has to be regarded a key criterion for the success of renewable energy policy. Grid connection costs are a major cost component in the utilization of offshore wind energy for electricity generation. In this paper, the effect of different attribution mechanisms of these costs on overall cost-effectiveness from consumers' perspective is analyzed. The major result of this investigation is that an attribution of grid connection costs to grid operators - as against to generators - leads to a smaller producer surplus and, hence, to lower transfer costs for electricity consumers. Applying this approach to the deployment of UK Rounds II and III offshore wind farms could lead to annual savings of social transfers of £1.2b and an equal reduction of producer surplus. This amount would be sufficient to finance the deployment of additional 10% of the capacity under consideration.

Key Words

Offshore Wind Power ; Grid Connection Cost Charging ; Public Transfer Costs

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ID: 111313

Role of efficiency improvements vs. price effects for modeling passenger car transport demand and energy demand—lessons from E / Ajanovic, Amela; Haas, Reinhard

Haas, Reinhard	Journal Article
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Publication

2012.

Summary/Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of changes in fuel prices and fuel intensity (i.e. liters of fuel used per 100 kilometers) on overall fuel (gasoline and diesel) consumption and on the demand for vehicle km driven in car passenger transport. This is important for deriving effective policy portfolios consisting of fuel taxes and technical standards such as fuel intensity mandates or specific CO2 emission limits. To extract these impacts, we apply cointegration analyses to six European countries and their aggregate over the period 1970-2007. We consider the impact of fuel prices, household income and fuel intensity on fuel consumption. Furthermore, we investigate how changes in fuel prices and fuel intensity interact, analyzing the rebound effect due to lower fuel intensity and due to the switch to diesel. Because we find a high rebound effect with 44% more km driven if fuel intensity is improved 100%, the major conclusion of our analysis for policy makers is that technical standards as the only policy instrument will have limited success. Rather we recommend increased fuel taxes along with fuel intensity standards so that the taxes compensate for the rebound due to the standards.

Key Words

Energy Demand ; Transport ; Fuel Intensity

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