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ID:
107931
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
At the local level, global climate change is exacerbating current environmental conditions while creating entirely new environmental and human hazards. The thesis of this article is that these new threats merge with preexisting vulnerabilities, creating a hybridized force that ripples through every aspect of society and threatens human security. The vulnerabilities intensify as these communities lack the adaptive and developmental capacity to address the multifarious effects, further undermining their human security. This article examines the case of the Funafuti, Tuvalu, and the effect of a warming Southern Pacific Ocean on Tuvaluan societal structural flows and processes. As the case demonstrates, climate change becomes more than an environmental issue; rather, it is a global social problem bound by multiple human security issues. For extremely vulnerable countries like Tuvalu, the case suggests that a human security approach best captures the dynamics of climate impacts in vulnerable communities, and, as such, requires adjustments in the global climate regime's current approach. This conclusion also represents a challenge to current scholarship which suggests that the small islands will be uninhabitable simply from sea level rise.
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| 2 |
ID:
137777
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| Summary/Abstract |
As vulnerable marine ecosystems, submarine ridges and seamounts in the Pacific Region of Chile are internationally protected, particularly from destructive fishing practices. This is the consequence of a number of legal instruments and measures reflecting an international practice, which have constituted an opinio juris to which countries may appeal to bring protection to such submarine features and ecosystems. However, in such a region the outer continental shelf, although still pending in its delineation, is an area over which eventual disagreements may arise between Chile and third States concerning the scope of conservation measures applicable in those vulnerable ecosystems and to the living marine resources therein. In applying precautionary and ecosystem approaches, Chile is entitled to claim protection to such ecosystems and resources. The entry into force of amendments to the Chilean Law of Fisheries, in which both the precautionary and ecosystem approaches, along with the environmental assessment to vulnerable marine ecosystems, were adopted, contributes to such a claim. Besides, the South Pacific RFMO provides room to extend the environmental protection to areas beyond national jurisdiction.
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