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| 1 |
ID:
126578
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Civil society organizations are considered to be one of the most important sectors in Palestinian society, playing a vital and effective role in initiating democratic and developmental debate. Both historically and more recently, they have been considered one of the most important channels for popular participation, especially in the 1980s and the period preceding the establishment of the Palestinian Authority (PA).
A broad debate exists over the definition of civil society, its role and the scope of its work. It centers around the historic and philosophical context of civil society's work, specifically in Palestine, where its institutions appeared before those of the government sector, because it acted for many years as a foundation for the national struggle, providing basic and important services as part of Palestinian resistance and steadfastness.
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| 2 |
ID:
108421
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| 3 |
ID:
178172
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines how civil society organizations navigate local government to secure more inclusive environmental governance. Based on an in-depth case study of water governance in Zhejiang Province between 2012 and 2018, we find that Green Zhejiang, a civil society organization, exercised informal power to hold the local government accountable based on two strategies: mobilizing citizens to collect information on water pollution and strategically leveraging the authority of provincial government to find citizen-focused solutions. Most existing studies foreground one stage of the policy process – advocacy in the agenda-setting phase, policy entrepreneurship during the design phase, or monitoring during the implementation phase; however, we examine strategies of civil society organizations throughout this policy lifecycle. With this approach, we are able to analyse the strategic interactions between different levels of the government and civil society organizations and locate the positive outcomes and limits under the current governance system. Despite policy successes, Green Zhejiang still acts informally, which limits long-term effectiveness. However, incorporating citizens into public administration in a meaningful way requires sharing policymaking power formally, and thus far, local governments are only willing to share power in an ad hoc and informal way. More institutionalized citizen participation is necessary to develop innovative solutions to the severe environmental degradation in China.
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| 4 |
ID:
126893
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Civil Society organization (CSOs) had an honorable history during World Wars I and II, but their role came into focus during WW II, firstly because of the size of the disaster and secondly because of the dramatic changes that took place in the French and British empires.
The most outstanding example of the importance of the role played by CSOs is the Swiss Red Cross, one of the most meaningful such organization throughout the history of nations.
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| 5 |
ID:
126497
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The 1990s saw a distinct increase in the number of Palestinian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and a widening of their scope of work and services. This increase came about as a natural result of the political environment that prevailed during in the initiation of the peace process at the beginning of the '90s and a widening of freedoms within the occupied Palestine territories. This encouraged many individuals and groups to gather under the umbrella of what are called NGOs or civil society organization (CSOs). Official Palestine statistical produces by authorities that issue licenses for these organization indicate that their number is in excess of 5,000 (as of the end of 2011), including charitable societies, centers, Clubs and unions.
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