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| 1 |
ID:
109900
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Military physicians consider potential career earnings when making their stay/leave decisions. Moreover, they consider the effects of differences between military and civilian compensation at three distinct decision periods in the military career: the first year of unobligated service, the years after that point but before military retirement eligibility, and the year of retirement eligibility. We find that military retention is highly sensitive to compensation differences at the first decision and substantially less sensitive after that. We also account for endogeneity of military physician pay and retention with an instrumental variable technique, without which, estimates substantially underestimate the wage effect.
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| 2 |
ID:
109898
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper examines how the opportunity costs of the leader of a national protest movement and the intrinsic hawkishness or pacifism of the occupier affect the nature of the movement against occupation. The characteristics of the population residing in the occupied region, the nature of punishment that is being meted out to the protestors, and the structure of enforcement costs that lead to these outcomes are discussed in the paper.
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| 3 |
ID:
109901
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this paper, we study the association between land inequality and civil conflict using a panel of 18 Latin American countries spanning the twentieth century. We find a statistically significant relationship between land inequality and civil conflict onset. This finding is consistent with the 'land maldistribution hypothesis' and the view that inequality is important for understanding conflict in Latin America. It is also consistent with recent theories of conflict and the model of revolution applied by Acemoglu and Robinson in their work on political transitions.
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| 4 |
ID:
109896
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The degree of collectiveness aimed for in European defence policy raises issues such as burden sharing and relative performance measurement of the European Armed Forces (EAF). This paper compares EAF performance rates on three dimensions: input, throughput and output. In order to express performance, over the period of 1995-2008, differing measures are formulated for each of these dimensions. It appears that, in ranking the burden-sharing behaviour, it is the selection of a specific measure that defines the position of each European country. The implication of our study is that in meaningfully ranking the performance of EAF in the context of burden sharing, various indicators should be combined.
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| 5 |
ID:
109902
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper investigates the nature of two military alliances under Chinese threat. The findings are as follows: First, South Korea does not consider China a significant threat while Japan and the United States have recognized China as a serious threat since the 1990s and the 2000s, respectively. Second, the relationship between South Korea and the United States is a true military alliance for all time periods, but the nature of the alliance has changed since the 1970s. Third, although Japan began to form an alliance relationship with the United States in the 1990s, Japan is considered a more significant ally by the United States. This paper implies that, should China provoke a military confrontation, it might be difficult to deduce a common solution among the three countries because of the different response to military threats from China.
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