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| 1 |
ID:
108687
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Militant transborder identity movements are common agents of regional crises in the post-Cold War world. In their sustained pursuit of identity-centered political objectives these movements incite violent transborder mobilization. This article examines the actors and circumstances of regionalized crises using as an example the Albanian transborder ethnoterritorial separatist movement and its role in the 2001 Macedonian crisis. I argue that, where opportunities are ripe, two factors contribute to the outbreak of regional crisis. The key short-term "endogenous factor" is common ethnic identity, whereas the major long-term "exogenous factor" consists of leaders' cost/benefit calculations made in view of the local and regional institutional context.
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| 2 |
ID:
108683
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The role of the International Fund for Ireland and the European Union Peace II Fund is examined through the perspectives of a public opinion poll of 1,023 of Northern Ireland's citizens, and interviews with 98 community groups, civil servants, and development officers. This article explains that while some of the respondents are optimistic about their life changes others are concerned that the conflict could reignite in the future. In particular, the respondent's images indicate the importance of the self-society relationship and the necessity of tailoring economic assistance to the distinctive socioeconomic needs of the targeted communities, and how third parties must include local perspectives in their efforts to build the peace.
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| 3 |
ID:
108688
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
To understand the role of ethnicity in ethnic political mobilization when there are no clear-cut ethnic groups, it is valuable to analyze the construction and interaction of different modalities of ethnicity. In the process of ethnic political mobilization in the Mapuche conflict, one can observe the importance of ethnic images as activists reject the dominant negative image of the Mapuche and advocate a more positive image of the "true" Mapuche. This prototype of the "true" Mapuche, however, does not necessarily correspond to the reality in which many Mapuches live. This article analyzes the strategies of Mapuche activists to deal with this gap between the two ethnic modalities.
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| 4 |
ID:
108680
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Hindu nationalist movement has for the last decades tried to expand within the Indian civil society, and a part of their strategy has been to increase the support for their views on gender relations. This article focuses on this mobilization and the response to it from the autonomous women's movement. It is suggested that the Hindu Nationalist groups have a very different view on gender relations compared to the main stream of the Indian women's movement, and that the mobilization of the Hindutva forces has met with strong resistance. It is further argued that this resistance may contribute to the deepening and widening of the democratic space in India.
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| 5 |
ID:
108685
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
We address two issues neglected in cross-national ethnic conflict literature: the role of state religious exclusivity (SRE) in ethnic conflict and the causes of discrimination against ethnic minorities. We use data from the Minorities at Risk (MAR), Polity, and Religion and State (RAS) datasets to assess whether SRE influences the extent of discrimination and repression against ethnic minorities between 1990 and 2002. The results show that SRE is strongly and significantly associated with discrimination and repression against ethnic minorities. This is true both of ethno-religious minorities and ethnic minorities who are not religiously distinct from the majority group in the state.
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