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| 1 |
ID:
128355
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Energy crises reverberate within societies and encourage worldwide change in this industry. In this context, Brazil has been consolidating the National Program for the Production and Use of Biodiesel (Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel-PNPB). This article analyzes BSBIOS and PETROBRAS BIOFUELS, which is a company that is incorporated under the PNPB. After providing an overview, the manuscript focuses on the criteria used for the selection of the agricultural raw materials used in the biodiesel industry. A reference model that considered the economic, technological, and social dimensions was developed; these dimensions were analyzed in relation to the production matrices of the soybean, canola, sunflower, and castor plants. The company strategically opted to establish programs for promoting the production of only soybean and canola. In the short term, the company has accepted the evidence that the main source of raw materials is soybean production. This decision was made considering the multicriteria analysis that was developed, which involved a number of economic, technological, and social aspects. Consequently, this analysis used in the decision-making process exhibits both a macro (the national and international environment) and a micro perspective (the companies' reality).
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| 2 |
ID:
110096
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN COMMODITIES is the most traditional form of international trade and makes up more than 20% of world exports. Minerals account for more than 12%, and agricultural commodities and food, for about 9%.
The main distinctive feature of mineral and agricultural resources is their uneven distribution. Their production or cultivation is mostly concentrated in a relatively few countries. The consumption of these resources is even more concentrated. Moreover, the consumption of mineral and agricultural raw materials usually does not coincide with the areas of their production and processing. There is a wide gap between producing and consuming countries, and this enhances the role of world markets in the redistribution of resources. The share of exported oil reaches 55% of its production; about 46% of all iron ore produced in the world, 43% of copper ore, 37% of zinc, etc., is exported. As for agricultural commodities, 25% of total output is supplied to the world market.
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