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ZAHAR, MARIE-JOELLE (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   110237


Norm transmission in peace- and statebuilding: lessons from democracy promotion in Sudan and Lebanon / Zahar, Marie-Joelle   Journal Article
Zahar, Marie-Joelle Journal Article
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Publication 2012.
Summary/Abstract This article examines the transmission and reception of democratic norms in the context of liberal peace interventions. It identifies two reasons for the failure to promote democracy: the strategies favored by liberal peace actors and the agency of local elites. Drawing on field research in Lebanon and Sudan, the article argues that liberal peace projects systematically provide opportunities for local elites to overcome the apparent asymmetry of power between them and liberal peace actors. It identifies two strategies of resistance to the promotion of democracy-disengagement and recuperation- and suggests that, of the two, disengagement is more likely to produce a relapse into violence.
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2
ID:   114751


When peacekeeping intersects with La Francophonie: scope, significance and implications / Morin, David; Theroux-Benoni, Lori-Anne; Zahar, Marie-Joelle   Journal Article
Zahar, Marie-Joelle Journal Article
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Publication 2012.
Summary/Abstract Drawing upon the authors' experience and work with the Francophone Research Network on Peace Operations in Montreal, developing and implementing peacekeeping capacity-building projects for French-speaking countries in bilateral and multilateral contexts, this article critically explores the intersection of peace operations and the francophone spaces. The argument is that there has been an increasing 'francophone fact' or a 'francophonization' of peace operations. The article explains this emergence and examines its implications that, we argue, extend beyond the francophone space. The article suggests that the increasing importance of the 'francophone fact' in peacekeeping is the result of three reinforcing dynamics: (1) the reality of UN deployments in the past decade with more than a half of the blue helmets deployed in francophone settings; (2) the consequent creation of specific needs for the 'good functioning' of multidimensional peace operations; and (3) an incomplete but undeniable 'appropriation' of peace operations by francophone states and organizations.
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