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| 1 |
ID:
128326
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Migration has been a regular concept in the history of Afghanistan where nomads roamed the land in search of basic necessities, while parents sent their young sons to trading centre for business and employment. Also, internal dislocation among families during conflict and tribal feuds has been a major cause of migration became predominant in and around Afghanistan with the need for development and better living standard forcing locals to migrate internally and externally. Over the years, pashtuns as the major ethnic group, spread out in large numbers, and other ethnic group, spread out in large numbers, and other ethnic groups such as the Hazaras crossed in to Iran also took place regularly, culminating in an exchange of cultural, religious and ethnic migratory routes.
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| 2 |
ID:
110347
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the last 30 years, the social and linguistic articulation of the Afghan in Pakistan and Iran has gone from muhajir [refugee], to migrant, and even to terrorist. This article provides an overview of that transformation to demonstrate that it depends more on external factors rather than any fundamental change in the conditions structuring Afghan migration. Examining the migration regime operating between Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran further confirms the problems of a refugee/migrant dualism.
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