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| 1 |
ID:
110260
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The moves leading to the military involvement of the Arab states in the Palestine war in May 1948 deserve an examination in the context of the socio-political conditions that prevailed in the Arab states, The invasion of Palestine by Arab armies marked the intersection of two lines of conflict. One was the conflict between the Arab states and the ruling dynasties. The other was the socio-political conflict between the ruling conservative elites opposed to the deep socio-economic and political reforms needed by the modern middle strata, the effendiyya. The purpose of this article is to examine the domestic socio-political struggles, the compelling nationalist discourse in the Arab states and the interaction of that discourse with the regional inter-Arab relations that led the Arab states to war against Israel in May 1948.
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| 2 |
ID:
110266
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Terminology devoted to miscegenation and inter-ethnic relationships is extremely problematic, and this article shows that many of these categories are more classificatory than descriptive. Some North African and Middle Eastern examples reveal that theoretical concepts about mixture reflect the folk conceptions of the observers rather that the meaning of local categories which not necessarily share those notions of mixture. In this sense, it is suggested that social categorizations of miscegenation are created from specific structures of descent which consider the transmission of two different social statuses, and that the pre-eminent unilineal descent systems of the Arab world should refrain from the political construction of such classification categories.
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| 3 |
ID:
110262
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Relying on a thorough examination of unpublished documents housed in several European archives, this article analyses the role of the Austrian Empire in the Constantinople Armenian Catholics affair that started in 1828 when the Armenian Catholics were forced to leave Constantinople and give up their property and was terminated in 1831 when they obtained their independent millet. This central European power was active in this affair, from both a sincere wish to help and, particularly in its later phase, a desire to weaken the French protectorate over the Catholics in the Levant. The article also attempts to discover to what extent Austrian diplomats were led by their own Catholic faith, and whether they were motivated by any anti-Islamic feelings.
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| 4 |
ID:
110261
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
On the eve of the Six Day War 1967, a sharp rift developed between Israel's military high command and the Government, especially with Prime Minister Levi Eshkol. The officers demanded a preemptive strike against the Egyptian forces in the Sinai but Eshkol. In two stormy meeting the prime minister and some of his ministers held with IDF's generals on May 28 and June 2, 1967. Many commentators referred to what happened during these meetings as a "Putsh" or revolt, implying that the general's pressure exerted by the general crossed the line and were illegitimate.
This article will examine the back ground and proceeding of these meetings and revaluate the confrontation and it impact on the decision making of the government to go to war on 5 June 1967.
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| 5 |
ID:
110264
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Aside from a few exceptional works, studies on the subject of the Ottoman Special Organization (SO, Teskilat-i Mahsusa) are marred by confusing, vague, and inconsistent sets of arguments and assumptions. This may be attributed to certain methodological and linguistic shortcomings of particular studies and a general laziness in the use of existing primary and secondary sources. It is also an outcome of the degree to which contemporary political and ideological currents and concerns colour the nature of the historical inquiry into the subject. Based on a comprehensive and systematic critical reading of existing literature in the light of certain sets of hitherto unused archival material, the present study aims to re-open to discussion such historiographical problems both by revisiting the most speculative, and well-trodden, research topics in the literature, such as the very nature of the organization as well as its administrative features, and offering insights into the potential(s) of certain little-explored Turkish archives.
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| 6 |
ID:
110263
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| 7 |
ID:
110265
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article analyses the caseload of the Turkish Constitutional Court (TCC) during the Justice and Development Party's (JDP) tenure in office (2002-09). Contrary to expectations and public perception, TCC's caseload only showed a modest increase, reflecting increased legislative activity and the President's inability to influence parliamentary debates. As this article shows, judicialization of politics in Turkey preceded the emergence of JDP. Accordingly, it concludes that 'controlled democratization' encourages judicial activism and can lead to 'judicial tutelage' over elected institutions, thus undermining the prospects for democratic deepening.
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