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ID: 148299

From the ESS to the EU Global Strategy: external policy, internal purpose / Mälksoo, Maria

Mälksoo, Maria	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

Security strategies are important sites for narrating the EU into existence as a security actor. The unveiling of a new global strategy on foreign and security policy for the EU immediately post-Brexit could be conceived as a pledge to remain together as a Union for the purposes of contributing to global security in a particular way. This paper offers a brief stock-taking of the EU’s way of writing security from the European Security Strategy (2003) to the EU Global Strategy (2016). A concise exegesis of these documents exposes an interesting dynamic: as exercises in ordering the world, both strategic guidelines have turned out to be major exercises in ordering the self. The comparative snapshot shows the EU as increasingly anxious to prove its relevance for its own citizens, yet notably less confident about its actual convincingness as an ontological security framework for the EU’s constituent members over time.

Key Words

Identity ; Ontological Security ; ESS ; EU Global Strategy ; E ; Status-Seeking

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ID: 111867

How much heterogeneity can the welfare state endure? the influe / Hjerm, Mikael; Schnabel, Annette

Hjerm, Mikael	Journal Article
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2012.

Summary/Abstract

Cultural and economic heterogeneity is often seen as a major threat to modern welfare states. This article contributes to the discussion of how much heterogeneity the welfare state can endure by theoretically and empirically focusing on the relationship between different levels of national identity and the support for welfare state policies. We analyse the effect of different types of national identity on attitudes towards taxation and redistribution. We show that it is the subjective aspect of national identity, or social cohesion, that in fact matters for predicting attitudes to the welfare state. In comparison, more objective measures of heterogeneity like the inequality of income distribution, language fractionalisation or the percentage of foreign-born individuals do not have any effect on attitudes to the welfare state.

Key Words

National Identity ; Welfare State ; Social Cohesion ; Heterogeneity ; Multilevel Analysis ; ESS

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