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SPALEK, BASIA (3) answer(s).
 
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1
ID:   134442


Community engagement for counterterrorism in Britain: an exploration of the role of “connectors” in countering Takfiri Jihadist terrorism / Spalek, Basia   Article
Spalek, Basia Article
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Summary/Abstract So far there has been little substantive research about how individuals engaged in counterterrorism initiatives, whether as community members or police officers or other professionals, negotiate this challenging terrain. This article suggests that community-based approaches to counterterrorism rely on the careful construction of certain forms of community engagement, rather than an all-encompassing claim that “communities defeat terrorism.” This article explores this issue further through analyzing and exploring the role that connectors, rather than communities per se, may play in counterterrorism.
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2
ID:   112880


Mentoring in relation to violent extremism / Spalek, Basia; Davies, Lynn   Journal Article
Spalek, Basia Journal Article
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Publication 2012.
Summary/Abstract This article presents the key findings of an evaluation of a mentoring scheme being implemented for individuals deemed vulnerable to violent extremism in the West Midlands region in the United Kingdom. The key findings of this study are, firstly, that mentoring around violent extremism carries distinctive features, and can be distinguished from mentoring in other areas of criminal behavior or in drug/alcohol use. Secondly, there is ongoing debate around what the purposes of mentoring are; crystallizing around the key question of whether mentoring in the area of violent extremism is about changing beliefs or changing behavior, or both; therefore, how to measure success? The article examines the different theoretical fields in relation to de-radicalization, disengagement, desistance, and debiasing in order to situate the article's findings in a broader body of work. This article also links individual mentoring to the notion of community, for it is important to consider the individual who is being mentored in relation to the broader set of communities that they belong to or associate with. Here, it is stressed that in the United Kingdom there are significant tensions between approaches that emphasize community cohesion, and those that emphasze liberal freedoms associated with liberal democracy, particularly in relation to Al Qaeda-linked extremism.
Key Words United Kingdom  Al Qaeda  Extremism  Violent Extremism 
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3
ID:   156620


Role of communities in counterterrorism: analyzing policy and exploring psychotherapeutic approaches within community settings / Weeks, Douglas; Spalek, Basia   Journal Article
Spalek, Basia Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract The role of communities in preventing or responding to terrorism and political violence is increasingly finding prominence within government strategies, nationally and internationally. At the same time, implementation of effective community-based partnerships has been nominal. Adding additional complexity to this problem are policies such as Prevent in Britain, which was arguably developed with good intentions but has received significant and sustained criticism by the very communities it sought to engage with. The result has been ongoing discussions within community practice and research arenas associated with radicalization, extremism, and terrorism, as to the role, if any, that communities might play in the counterterrorism environment. This article explores that environment and highlights some of the community-based perceptions and initiatives that prevail in the United Kingdom. In particular, innovations around the development of psychotherapeutic frameworks of understanding in relation to counterterrorism are discussed, alongside the role of connectors.
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