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ID: 138908

Connection between the legal knowledge and social background of sports coaches at Iranian universities / Mohamadinejad , Azadeh; Mirsafian , Hamidreza

Mohamadinejad , Azadeh	Article
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Summary/Abstract

This study investigates university coaches’ knowledge about their legal duties toward their athletes, as well as the connection between the level of their legal knowledge and their educational, social and economic background. The results are presented according to three major dimensions: deficiencies in the coaches’ training system, in their knowledge concerning their legal responsibility and the coaches’ social recognition regarding their profession. The findings indicate that the coaches’ training in Iran has a lot of weaknesses, including the neglect of legal issues, the consequence of which is that the Iranian university coaches do not have sufficient knowledge about the legal issues in general and they are not aware of their duty toward their athletes in particular. In Iran coaching is not considered as a prestigious occupation; in terms of social status coaches belong to the lower middle class.

Key Words

Iran ; Social Background ; Legal Knowledge ; Sports Coaches ; Iranian Universities ; Global Scene ;
Legal Duties

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ID: 112951

Continuity and change in the social background of Israel's mili / Barak, Oren; Tsur, Eyal

Barak, Oren	Journal Article
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2012.

Summary/Abstract

This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel's military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general (Aluf) and lieutenant general (Rav Aluf) - the two highest ranks in the IDF - and who served in its general staff during this period. The article also discusses the interplay between the characteristics of Israel's military elite, on one hand, and Israel's process of state formation and inter-sectoral relations, on the other hand.

Key Words

Israel ; Military ; Israel Defense Force ; Social Background

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