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| 1 |
ID:
114196
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this, one of his earliest public addresses as Canada's Special Envoy for Commonwealth Renewal, the author explains the basis of his country's relationship with the Commonwealth and stresses the need for urgent and sustained action on the recommendations of the Eminent Persons Group if the full potential of this association of nations is to be realised. He commends the progress that has already been made in a number of areas, but argues that unless the focus on human rights, democracy and the rule of law is maintained, the Commonwealth may not be able to maintain its reputation as a compelling force for good.
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| 2 |
ID:
124527
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Security Intergovernmental Organizations, here illustrated by NATO, persist in a "permitted interval" of internationalization, i.e. permitted by its member-states. On the one hand, they are seldom or never permitted to vanish due to member-states' vested interests in retaining them as tools of statecraft, even if their original purposes have become redundant. On the other hand, there is an internationalization ceiling that they must respect: they should not become too autonomous and thereby no longer be suitable as member-state tools. In spite of post-Cold War reform, interviews carried out at NATO Headquarters (HQ) in the late 1980s compared to interviews in 2012 display that a continuous pulling and hauling of forces of internationalization and renationalization have taken place around NATO HQ. The only instance of clear internationalization can be observed in the proactive diplomacy of Secretary General Fogh Rasmussen. There is stiff opposition to the internationalization of abolishing the Military Committee/International Military Staff among minor and South European states, and there is no waning in states' attempts to micro-manage the International Staff. Only external shocks can overcome resistance to internationalizing reform.
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