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| 1 |
ID:
136231
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| Summary/Abstract |
The building sector of China currently consumes 20% of the total energy consumption. Studies on barriers to the adoption of building energy-saving technologies are of great significance on implementing policies related to achieving energy-saving goals. This paper studied 15 barriers with the aid of information collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The respondents were 135 employees working in the Jing-jin-tang area. Based on the results of the factor analysis, the barriers were categorized into five groups: attitudes of stakeholders, policies and regulations, auxiliary resources, profitability, and adaptability of the technologies. Analysis of the entire sample showed that the stakeholders’ reluctance to use was the largest barrier, followed by high initial investment and low profitability. Further analysis showed that the occupation and designation of the respondents and the size of the enterprises that they served influenced their perspectives on the barriers. It was found that architects attributed more importance to the adoption of energy-saving technologies than contractors; barriers confronted by employees of large enterprises and small enterprises were different; managers perceived weaker barriers than frontline employees and were more optimistic about the prospect of building energy-saving technologies. Finally, policy recommendations were proposed based on these in-depth and targeted analyses.
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| 2 |
ID:
122712
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Reducing the energy consumption of buildings is an important goal for the European Union. However, it is therefore of interest to investigate how different member states address these goals. Countries like Sweden and Germany have developed different strategies for energy conservation within the building sector. A longitudinal comparison between implemented energy conservation key policy instruments in Sweden and Germany and a survey regarding the management of energy requirements in the building process shows that:
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No evidence is found that energy consumption is of great importance for producing competitive offers, either for Swedish or German clients.
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The Swedish market-driven policy has not been as successful as the German regulation policy in decreasing the energy consumption of new buildings.
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Building standards and regulations regarding energy performance affects how professionals are educated and the way energy requirements and demands are managed throughout the building process.
In conclusion, the client's demand will govern the development of energy efficient buildings. Therefore, in order to use market-driven policies, the desired parameters must be of concern for the customer to influence the majority of building projects to be more energy efficient than is specified in national standards and regulations.
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| 3 |
ID:
136247
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| Summary/Abstract |
A reduction of energy service demand is a climate mitigation option, but its effectiveness has never been quantified. We quantify the effectiveness of energy service demand reduction in the building, transport, and industry sectors using the Asia-Pacific Integrated Assessment/Computable General Equilibrium (AIM/CGE) model for the period 2015–2050 under various scenarios. There were two major findings. First, a 25% energy service demand reduction in the building, transport, and basic material industry sectors would reduce the GDP loss induced by climate mitigation from 4.0% to 3.0% and from 1.2% to 0.7% in 2050 under the 450 ppm and 550 ppm CO2 equivalent concentration stabilization scenarios, respectively. Second, the effectiveness of a reduction in the building sector׳s energy service demand would be higher than those of the other sectors at the same rate of the energy service demand reduction. Furthermore, we also conducted a sensitivity analysis of different socioeconomic conditions, and the climate mitigation target was found to be a key determinant of the effectiveness of energy service demand reduction measures. Therefore, more certain climate mitigation targets would be useful for the decision makers who design energy service demand reduction measures.
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| 4 |
ID:
114300
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Natural Gas (NG) is commonly used for satisfying population needs for heating, domestic hot water production and cooking, particularly in countries where the price of electricity is high. Typically, NG is extensively distributed on urbanized territory and can be exploited by using different technologies. As a consequence, primary energy is usually consumed directly in buildings, allowing high efficiency conversion but also producing pollutants in urban areas. In this paper a comprehensive analysis on NG use in the Italian domestic and tertiary building sector has been carried out, in order to evaluate energy and environmental impact of this fuel on different climatic and geographical contexts, also considering the temporal fluctuation of consumption. The aim of the work is to trace a reliable and up-to-date scenario of NG employment for building heating in Italy, which is one of the EU countries where this source is more widely used.
The study was carried out under the research program "Analysis and evaluation of the current status of the reduction measures of environmental impacts due to heating energy consumption in Italy", funded by the Italian Ministry of Environment.
The data presented are an essential basis for the development of building energy efficiency and consumption rationalization policies.
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| 5 |
ID:
171410
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| Summary/Abstract |
Earlier emission peak and higher reduction rate after the peak are crucial for China's domestic low-carbon energy transformations and the 2 °C global climate target. However, much remains to be resolved concerning long-term sectoral and regional coping strategies. In this study, we developed a spatial downscaling framework to identify the roles played by different provinces and sectors in promoting early emission peak, and the spatiotemporal variations of city-level reduction potentials for the building sector by coupling an integrated assessment model with openly available information. Simulations show that peaking emissions five years earlier means an additional 12.5 Gt CO2 emission cut during 2015–2035 and building sector needs to increase renewable penetration to 22% and further improve emission efficiency by 12%, which are both greater than other end use sectors. More developed eastern regions would peak earlier than national target and some central cities are expected to double their per capita building emissions. While for the less developed northern and western regions to peak on time it is necessary that the gap of CO2 emission intensity between these cities and national average narrow down from 9.8t/thousand RMB in 2020 to 5.9t/thousand RMB in 2030.
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| 6 |
ID:
177351
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| Summary/Abstract |
The building sector constitutes one of the largest energy consumers in the European Union and apparently in Greece. The construction history in Greece appears a unique profile that needs to be thoroughly examined in order to evaluate the current built environment and the distinctive characteristics of the buildings. The majority of the building stock is more than 30 years old with insufficient thermal protection, thus space heating is the major energy-consuming activity. A number of programs, initiatives and actions were raised to serve the need of energy saving in both public and private sectors. In this study, an overview of the program entitled Energy Refurbishment of Residences (in Greek Exoikonomisi Kat’ Oikon) is presented, along with a review and assessment of its results. The conclusions are critically useful in order to trace the possible weaknesses and improve, wherever this is possible, the program, given that a follow-up action is planned in the near future.
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| 7 |
ID:
166725
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| Summary/Abstract |
Scattered coal consumption in the building sector contributes approximately 40% of China's primary fine particulate matter emissions and 10% of fossil fuel CO2 emissions, posing serious threats to climate change mitigation and air quality. Therefore, a shift from coal to natural gas (NG) and electricity is of great significance for the synergistic reduction of air pollutants and carbon emissions. However, the lack of building energy statistics at finer spatial scales makes it difficult to form targeted local strategies. In this study, a spatial downscaling framework was developed to project building energy consumption with higher resolution based on openly available information. Then, major air pollutant emission reductions induced by scattered coal substitution policies were estimated from national, provincial and city perspectives. The role played by buildings in realizing the overall carbon mitigation potential was also evaluated. The results show that a policy-driven increase in NG and electricity consumption during the 13th Five-Year Plan (FYP) period could contribute 15% and 4% to national SO2 and NOx emission control targets, respectively, and is helpful for some less-developed areas in achieving greater health benefits and faster low-carbon transformation. Finally, policy recommendations are proposed according to regional differences in emission reduction performance and socioeconomic development.
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