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ID:
115903
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Arctic ice is melting faster than predicted. In August 2012, calculations based on the satellite imagery indicated that the summer sea ice loss was 50 per cent higher than earlier estimates. 1 Scientific evidence now suggests that the Arctic, by the middle of the century, will be ice free in the summer. Scientists call it the 'Arctic amplification'-the reduction in the ice cover not only reduces the reflection of the sunlight but also increases the absorption of heat as the darker water is exposed.
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| 2 |
ID:
115911
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| 3 |
ID:
115908
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| 4 |
ID:
115913
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| 5 |
ID:
115909
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| 6 |
ID:
115906
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The 'ethnic question' in Sri Lanka, even after the defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), evokes a sense of suspense, uncertainty and even a possible conflict of interest in the otherwise robust and multifaceted relationship between India and Sri Lanka. The article adopts a multi-agent model derived from the positional analysis and identifies three principal agents in Indo-Sri Lanka relations-the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL), the Government of India (GoI) and Tamil Nadu. Based on interviews and interaction with a wide cross-section of respondents in India and Sri Lanka, the article argues that GOSL is better placed to address the ethnic question today, especially because of changes in the outlook of the GoI and Tamil Nadu.
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| 7 |
ID:
115905
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Arab Spring was ignited by an undeniable human security goal of achieving freedom from want, freedom from fear and freedom to live in dignity. This article analyses how human security concerns have figured in the Arab Spring and shaped its course. It makes two related arguments: firstly, that the pro-democracy forces, long deprived of basic human rights and freedoms, rose up against their authoritarian rulers to qualitatively change their human rights and security conditions; and secondly, that the NATO-led foreign intervention in Libya, to apparently aid the pro-democracy movements, has been counterproductive and has done a great disservice to the human rights and security goals of the Arab people.
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| 8 |
ID:
115899
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| 9 |
ID:
115902
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since the Islamic Revolution, Iran and the United States have been locked in a bitter conflict. Although it has not yet degenerated into a war, as has been the case with some international conflicts, isolation of the Islamic government has become the basic objective of US foreign policy towards Iran. US policymakers maintain that economic sanctions can force the government of Iran to change its policy on many international issues. The sanctions have had their impact, as can be seen by the gradual decline in Iran-Europe relations, and the Iranian state has lost the support of its traditional partners. In such circumstances, some Iranian policymakers have proposed that Iran should replace its European partners with Asian countries in need of energy. This explains the shift in Iranian policy towards Asian countries.
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| 10 |
ID:
115904
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the last two decades Kazakhstan has implemented foreign policies aimed at improving relations with many new geopolitical actors, as well as longstanding common partners such as Russia, on which it was formerly heavily dependent. By utilising its huge hydrocarbon production potential, Kazakhstan has managed to surpass all other Central Asian states in political and economic importance. Kazakhstan has now turned its eyes to China, seeing it as an important and powerful partner in the economic, political and security spheres. This article deals with fundamental issues in Kazakhstan's relations with China.
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| 11 |
ID:
115907
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Mahinda Rajapaksa has emerged as perhaps the only Sri Lankan leader who has managed to secure some strategic autonomy in conducting his country's foreign policy vis-Ã -vis India. He engaged India effectively during the military campaign against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and simultaneously countervailed India by improving his country's relationship with India's traditional adversaries such as China and Pakistan. In the post-LTTE scenario, he has maintained a defiant posture vis-Ã -vis India over the latter's persuasion to evolve a political solution to the ethnic issue. Backed by a nationalist upsurge at home and support from countries such as China, he may continue with his policy of bypassing Indian pressures and persuasions in the coming days. Against this backdrop, the article raises the following questions and seeks to answer them. Does Rajapaksa's India policy signify a typical quest for strategic autonomy by a smaller state vis-Ã -vis a larger neighbour? Can this be explained as an effort to offset India's overwhelming influence on Sri Lanka? How is his 'India policy' different from that of other leaders? Does he display a unique style of leadership compared to his predecessors? How far has he succeeded in counterbalancing Indian influence? What are the reasons for his success or failure? What are the implications for India and how can he be effectively engaged?
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| 12 |
ID:
115912
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| 13 |
ID:
115898
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| 14 |
ID:
115900
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| 15 |
ID:
115901
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The community of scholars needs to study Kautilya's Arthasastra and apply his concepts to political theory and other fields of enquiry, such as intelligence, internal security, war, foreign policy, sociology, political psychology, law, accounting and management. In the past, scholars had to memorise the sutras. This may not be possible now given the declining knowledge of Sanskrit. However, this is no longer a hindrance. The first ever English translation of the text was carried out by Shamasastry, but there are now other English translations of the Arthasastra such as that by R.P. Kangle of Bombay University. 1 However, it is one thing to write a commentary on the basis of a translated text, but another to go back to the root sutra(s) and understand the historical context. Knowledge of the latter is more important for rigorous research and this now needs to be undertaken. Not many scholars who quote the Arthasastra have read the original work, which means that many ideas such as the mandala theory are imperfectly applied, or it is wrongly assumed that all neighbours are natural enemies (which I will explain later).
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| 16 |
ID:
115910
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