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| 1 |
ID:
145311
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| Summary/Abstract |
The summer of 2015 heralded the beginning of “Year Two” of the U.S.-led international coalition's airstrikes against Islamic State (IS)—also known interchangeably as the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham or Syria (ISIS), Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), and Da'esh. So far to date, the results of the campaign—indeed, what can be termed the campaigns that have been witnessed—against IS are hugely mixed. A highly complex, gradual, long-term approach is clearly underway and is expected to continue on that trajectory into the foreseeable future. Much patience requires sustained maintenance.
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| 2 |
ID:
116168
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Iran's Islamic Revolution and the takeover of the United States embassy in Tehran in November 1979 was America's and the West's first encounter with contemporary radical Islam. It prompted substantial intelligence cooperation amongst Western countries. Their liaison included not only the collection of human intelligence (Humint) but also an effort to protect six Americans who had escaped becoming hostages, and then a successful covert exfiltration operation to secure their escape from Iran. Canadian embassy staff, assisted by CIA experts, mounted this operation in late January 1980. We use the Iranian Revolution and occupation of the American embassy in Tehran both to flesh out the nature of contemporary Western Humint cooperation and to highlight the intelligence activities, including international intelligence liaison, of Western foreign ministries.
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