| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
116935
|
|
|
|
|
| Publication |
2012.
|
| Summary/Abstract |
Following the goal of improving on-road fuel efficiency, the Spanish Government engaged in an active policy called the dieselization between 1998 and 2006, which was intended primarily for light duty vehicle (mostly passenger cars and SUV's). However, the effect of the dieselization on controlling emissions has been questioned by many authors. At the Spanish national level, we first provide descriptive evidence of the effects of dieselization on passenger cars emissions. Second, we use a panel data set for 16 Spanish regions between 1998 and 2006, and estimate a dynamic panel data model that relates CO2 emissions generated by passenger cars with a set of variables related to the dieselization process, fuel efficiency and other control variables. Combining both analysis, we find the existence of a significant indirect, negative effect on CO2 emissions caused by the dieselization, which is more important than the direct, positive technology-efficiency impact.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
125720
|
|
|
|
|
| Publication |
2013.
|
| Summary/Abstract |
The main purpose of this paper is to assess efficiency of the Brazilian electricity generation mix proposed in the 2020 Decennial Plan for Energy Expansion (DPEE 2020). It evaluates estimated costs, risks and CO2 emissions following the mean-variance portfolio theory. The efficiency frontier is estimated for three CO2 prices scenarios: no CO2 prices, low CO2 price and high CO2 price. The planned portfolio in Brazil presented in the DPEE 2020 is relatively close to the efficient frontier, however there is still room for risk mitigation by diversifying the energy portfolio. As there is currently no CO2 price in Brazil, the tendency is that diversification increases fossil fuel share in the energy mix, but the introduction of a CO2 price can be an option to promote renewables. This type of large general market framework can contribute to reduce market uncertainties by reducing the level of government's discretionary activism.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|