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| 1 |
ID:
128914
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| 2 |
ID:
118163
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Adding value to existing aggregate cross-national analyses on forced migration, I use subnational-level data to investigate circumstances that affect people's decisions of whether or not to flee their homes during civilian conflicts. Building on existing literature, I argue that conflict by itself is not the sole factor affecting people's decisions to flee or stay. Apart from a direct physical impact, civil war can destroy economic infrastructure and expose people to economic hardships, which can contribute to displacement. In addition, flight may be impeded or facilitated by such factors as geographical features, physical infrastructure, and social conditions under which people live. Using count data from the Maoists "people's war" in Nepal, a subnational analysis of displacement is conducted to provide a more refined test of existing large-n studies on the causes of forced migration. The empirical results are consistent with the major hypotheses developed in the field. With more precise measures of conflict, economic and physical conditions, and presence of social networks, I demonstrate the importance of a rationalist framework in understanding the choice of flight.
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| 3 |
ID:
166940
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| Summary/Abstract |
China's manufacturing industry consumes more energy than the total amounts of Germany, Britain, France, Spain and Japan combined, and has a substantial impact on energy conservation and emissions reduction. This paper investigates the influence mechanism of economic infrastructure on the energy consumption and energy intensity of the sector. Using the China's provincial data during the period 2003–2016, the profit function is applied to incorporate infrastructure into the input-output system, and to avoid the endogenous problems caused by the reverse causal relationship between energy consumption and infrastructure construction. The empirical results indicate that economic infrastructure construction will increase energy consumption and reduce the energy intensity in the long term. Although the energy consumption effect of infrastructure in the central and western regions is less than that in the eastern region, the energy intensity of the western region declines the most due to the infrastructure construction. Based on the results of this paper, some policy implications are discussed. This paper also offers some targeted policy recommendations to improve policy design of the government.
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