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| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
163167
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| Summary/Abstract |
The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) ended in 1995, yet the state remains crippled by inertia, escalating political infighting, and domestic and regional rhetoric that undermines efforts at community, social, and political reconciliation. The author argues that BiH can be categorized as a frozen conflict, as the core issues at the heart of the violent conflict of the 1990s have not been resolved. BiH is an interesting case study as the nature of today’s frozen conflict was to a large extent shaped by the very peace agreement that ended the war, which effectively ended the war yet failed to either address the drivers of conflict, or to establish political and structural mechanisms that would help to mediate and govern the country. Following brief historical background, Ludvik and Smetana’s offered subtypes are applied, with various scenarios proposed to illustrate key characteristics. The conclusion argues that no conflict transformation has occurred over the past 20+ years, and the structure of the conflict itself has begun to change over a generation of destructive stasis.
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| 2 |
ID:
138923
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| Summary/Abstract |
The western Balkans as a region is at the crossroads of the east-west energy transportation routes, and it is confronted with the simultaneous tasks of transforming its economic outlook and its energy infrastructure: a process that creates unique opportunities as well as challenges. By confronting these challenges and making the best use of its opportunities through sound decision-making, the region could significantly improve energy security. The transformation of the dynamics of energy security in the western Balkans is an opportunity not only for the region but also for the countries like Turkey, which is rapidly becoming an important player in the east-west energy supply corridor. While much of the literature focused on energy security and the region has explored its relations with Russia and the EU, this article expands and enhances knowledge of this topical subject by exploring the highly important position Turkey occupies in the region’s energy security dynamics. For reasons both specific to Turkey and to its particular sets of interconnected relationships with the EU and Russia, the article demonstrates that Turkey is uniquely situated to contribute to energy security in the western Balkans. The major aim of this study is thus to provide a clear understanding of Turkey’s energy policy in the western Balkans in light of its own relations with the two key players of EU and Russia, as well as its particular domestic-level characteristics. The fundamental argument is that Ankara, with its proactive diplomacy and advanced bilateral partnerships with Russia and the EU, is particularly positioned to contribute—and has the capacity to continue to contribute—to the future of energy security in the western Balkans.
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| 3 |
ID:
119422
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past twenty years, the Republic of Slovenia has followed the path of intensive democratic development. Becoming an independent state after being one of the Republics of the Former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the country's leadership set important strategic objectives, especially full membership in the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and achieved quality results in the economic field. Slovenia's development model is still being followed by Western Balkan countries in the aftermath of the brutal wars in this region. Thus, its activities and democratic development are extremely important for the development, stability, and security of the Western Balkan region.
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