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| 1 |
ID:
133271
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In light of the growth in vertically specialized in global trade, the present paper uses input- output tables from the World Input-Output Database to construct an environmental multi-regional input-output model to calculate the CO2 emissions embodied in China's international trade during 1995-2009. The advantage of this model lies in its incorporation of the re-exported CO2 emissions component embodied in trade and its ability to differentiate domesticsourced CO2 emissions from foreign-sourced CO2 emissions in trade. The results show that carbon emissions embodied in both China's exports and imports increased significantly during 1995-2009. One important reason for this is that the re-exported carbon emissions embodied in China's imported intermediate inputs increased substantially during this period. Our research reveals that accelerating the transformation of trade pattern and upgrading processing trade should be emphasized in the formulation of policy to prompt CO2 emissions abatement in China.
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| 2 |
ID:
120076
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Liberalization of environmental goods and services as laid out in the work programme of the Doha Ministerial Declaration of the World Trade Organization has implications for least developed countries as these countries are vulnerable to climate change. They need to follow and participate in the negotiation in order to achieve market access opportunities for environmental goods and services of their interests in the global market and to access cleaner technologies at an affordable price. Such participation will be meaningful if it is backed by informed arguments based on analytical exercise. This article estimates that export of environmental goods by least developed countries stood at 0.08 per cent and import at 0.82 per cent of global exports and imports of environmental goods, respectively, in 2007. The article suggests that even with low trade, least developed countries stand to gain through reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers on environmental goods. This will, however, have to be combined with appropriate technology transfer and adequate financial support.
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| 3 |
ID:
120082
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
An expectation to double the per capita income in five years through a sustained GDP growth rate of 9 per cent could only hold ground under very favourable economic conditions. On the one hand, this projected acceleration of economic activity, if practically realized, would demand a substantial amount of investment expenditure which could cause a widening of resource gap leading the economy into a debt trap. On the other hand, if the service sector including the transport sector could not augment to meet up the investments and expected output expansions, the targeted growth itself could be at risk. Neither scenario would be favourable. A way out of this apparent impasse is to increase investment productivity-by way of being observant in capital spending and improving the trickle-down effect of investment expenditure against mere capital accumulation.
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