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EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   157262


Hungary's Eastern policy in light of the Ukraine crisis / Smirnov, A   Journal Article
Smirnov, A Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract THE ONGOING UKRAINE CRISIS has been a harsh trial for Russia and the European Union; it has been especially painful for countries that recently became members of a united Europe. The reasons for this are their territorial proximity to a hotbed of tension and their special historical relation to Ukrainian affairs. This is especially true for Ukraine's immediate Western neighbors: Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Romania. Their attitude to the situation is in one way or another associated with the problem of Ukrainian sovereignty, as it is understood and perceived by the government of each country.
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2
ID:   120666


Political economy of crisis management in East–Central European countries / Myant, Martin; Drahokoupil, Jan; Lesay, Ivan   Journal Article
Myant, Martin Journal Article
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Publication 2013.
Summary/Abstract The financial and economic crisis in the Central and East European countries raised the profile of economic policy themes that relate to the role of taxation and state spending. The key policy differences related to public budgets and support for a demand stimulus. Responses fall broadly into two categories that we link to a social-democratic and a neo-liberal response. The distinction indicates that the policy responses were linked to the party affiliation of the government on the left-right spectrum. There were some remarkable common trends that cannot be explained by the logical requirements of the economic situation alone. There are differences in timing and in severity, but every country has at some point moved towards a policy of balancing the budget by making cuts. In all cases there were cuts in benefits for marginal groups in society and a switch towards indirect rather than direct taxes. These carry clear distributional implications.
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