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ID:
150593
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| Summary/Abstract |
The maritime piracy issue drew significant global attention post-2012. The response from the major nations, even those geographically distant from the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), has been highly pro-active. Two important changes that are relevant to this paper are the increased deployment of multi-national naval forces for anti-piracy operations and also re-routing of the shipping lanes closer to the shores. The acoustic impact of these actions was completely ignored but their impact on the marine ecosystem needs to be reviewed. A rare stranding of a blue whale in June 2015 and a Bryde's whale in January 2016, off the west coast of India, are a possible manifestation of the degraded acoustic habitat due to high levels of low-frequency ambient noise in the region. The paper presents an investigative analysis of the two reported events and their correlation with acoustic habitat degradation which may be attributable to increased shipping in the region.
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| 2 |
ID:
139597
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| Summary/Abstract |
Marine species are known to use acoustic signals for biologically critical functions such as foraging, communication, navigation, etc. The unregulated maritime activities in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) are translating into a rapid rise in the ambient noise and consequent acoustic degradation of the marine ecosystem. The environmental conservation initiatives are seen to be in direct conflict with the economic growth imperatives and are thus faced with significant political opposition. The lack of awareness regarding the acoustic aspect of the marine ecosystem towards generating credible underwater domain awareness is a major cause of concern and limits the effectiveness of any conservation efforts. Further, the IOR with its tropical littoral waters presents suboptimal performance of the underwater sensors deployed to generate underwater domain awareness. The authors attempt to provide an alternate perspective of the acoustic degradation of the marine ecosystem as a result of heightened maritime activities in the IOR. The complexities of formulating the regulatory framework and associated monitoring mechanism are also discussed.
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| 3 |
ID:
121642
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The inadequacy of the legal regime to regulate and protect the fragile marine ecosystem is brought forth by recent incidents (e.g. Montara, Australia; Deepwater Horizon, USA) involving deep offshore oil rigs. When the pollution is massive in scale, who pays for the damages? In different regions, fragmented regional arrangements are available to resolve this problem but that is not the answer. Efforts are being made to address this problem internationally. Until the time an internationally acceptable solution for this problem is found, the ongoing spate of unregulated offshore exploration and production (E&P) activates in Bay of Bengal is a cause for concern to India and its neighbours.
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