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| 1 |
ID:
140737
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines the issue of overlapping national histories in the Balkan setting. It shows how this phenomenon was applied in the construction of master narratives, which was a multifaceted process of nationalizing the past. In this context, it also discusses the multiple nature of the past in order to provide a contribution to the theoretical study of nationalism and ethnic politics. Focusing on the case of the Bulgarians and Greeks in the 19th century, it aims to demonstrate how the common ecclesiastical legacy of the Orthodox community in the Ottoman Empire was perceived by two national activists, Grigor Părlichev and Margaritis Dimitsas, who, for totally different reasons, propagated the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid: the former because he considered it an ecclesiastical institution that promoted Bulgarian nationality in Macedonia, and the latter because he regarded it as the stronghold of Hellenism in the same area.
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| 2 |
ID:
125450
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Ever since the formulation of common borders between India and China during the 19th and 20th Centuries, these sailing for Sino-Indian relations has not been smooth. The course of Sino-Indian relationship was filled with the ramps of mistrust, jealousy, hearted and arms conflicts. The territorial aggrandizement of the British and Manchu imperialism turned the peaceful Himalayan region into an area of protracted contest between India and China
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| 3 |
ID:
124133
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article aims to show that from the end of the eighteenth century, international order began to be defined in terms of ground rules relating to non-intervention and intervention, with the former being prioritised over the latter. After the Napoleonic wars, within continental Europe there was an attempt to consolidate an intervention ground rule in favour of dynastic legitimacy over the right of self-determination. By contrast, the British and Americans sought to ensure that this ground rule was not extended to the Americas where the ground rule of non-intervention was prioritised. During the nineteenth century, it was the Anglo-American position which came to prevail. Over the same period international order was increasingly bifurcated with the non-intervention ground rule prevailing in the metropolitan core and with the intervention ground rules prevailing in the periphery. This article, however, only focuses on the metropolitan core and draws on two case studies to examine the non-intervention ground rule in very different circumstances. The first examines the British response to the American Civil War in the 1860s during an era of stability in the international order. The second explores the British Response to the Spanish Civil War in the 1930s when the international order was very unstable and giving way to a very different international order.
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| 4 |
ID:
124303
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The essay explores the significance of questions of knowledge to the depiction of prisoners in three prominent katorga narratives from the second half of the nineteenth century: Dostoevskii's Notes from the House of the Dead, Kennan's Siberia and the Exile System, and Chekhov's Sakhalin Island. Comparing the different discourses of unknowability these authors employ, it argues that the relationship of the writers or narrators to the outcast status of the convicts takes their texts beyond the immediate context, to shape views of the penal system as expressing the increasing instability of identity, social hierarchies and moral life in Russia.
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| 5 |
ID:
178036
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| Summary/Abstract |
Although mountainous regions remained relatively isolated and almost untouched by the Ottoman rule, labor migration connected the inhabitants of these regions to the socioeconomic and political processes in the Ottoman Empire and beyond. Kruševo, a highland village located in present-day North Macedonia, provides an excellent case for understanding these connections. This paper presents systematic evidence from the Ottoman archives to document and analyze the social, economic, and demographic impacts of labor migration during this period. It provides an in-depth analysis of the Ottoman population and tax records of Kruševo in the 1840s, demonstrating the occupational profiles, migration patterns, and family and neighborhood networks of village residents during this period. Based on this analysis, it argues that labor migration was key to the transformation of social, economic, and demographic relations in rural communities and to the integration of even the most remote highland villages with the modernization processes that characterized the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century.
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| 6 |
ID:
124157
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Great Power intervention in the Balkans since the late nineteenth century shows a striking continuity in motivations, methods, and consequences. The article proposes that current intervention practices are largely a response to the Balkan theatre in the 1990s and thus institutionalise this continuity more than arguments about normative and institutional change since 1990 suggest. Three continuities are emphasised: the concept of a 'turbulent frontier' to explain an unintended dynamic of nearly continuous intervention, the importance of local actors' interests (the pull of intervention) alongside those of major power interests (the push), and the primary influence on domestic orders and cause of the 'turbulence' of economic relations.
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| 7 |
ID:
124230
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
An increasingly important part of the new American Way of War has been a reliance on standoff technology to project power. The "lure" is minimal friendly casualties and short, inexpensive wars with only limited landpower commitments. Unfortunately, inflated expectations for such an outcome have often led to strategic overreach and a dangerously unbalanced force structure, ultimately costing the nation more blood and treasure. As the United States tries to refocus its strategy and reduce defense expenditures, it must be careful to retain a balanced force with a full range of capabilities.
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| 8 |
ID:
124176
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Despite the prominent place of intervention in contemporary world politics, debate is limited by two weaknesses: first, an excessive presentism; and second, a focus on normative questions to the detriment of analysis of the longer-term sociological dynamics that fuel interventionary pressures. In keeping with the focus of the Special Issue on the ways in which intervention is embedded within modernity, this article examines the emergence of intervention during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, assesses its place in the contemporary world, and considers its prospects in upcoming years. The main point of the article is simple - although intervention changes in character across time and place, it is a persistent feature of modern international relations. As such, intervention is here to stay.
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