| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
124380
|
|
|
|
|
| Publication |
2013.
|
| Summary/Abstract |
What role does oil play in international security? While the threat of "resource wars" over possession of oil reserves is often exaggerated, the sum total of the political effects generated by the oil industry makes it a leading cause of war. Between one-quarter and one-half of interstate wars since 1973 have been connected to one or more oil-related causal mechanisms. Eight distinct mechanisms exist: resource wars, in which states try to acquire oil reserves by force; petro-aggression, whereby oil facilitates domestic political control of aggressive leaders such as Saddam Hussein or Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini; externalization of civil wars in petrostates; financing for insurgencies, such as Iranian oil money to Hezbollah; conflicts over potential oil-market domination, such as the United States' conflict with Iraq over Kuwait in 1991; control over transit routes, such as shipping lanes and pipelines; oil-related grievances, whereby the presence of foreign workers in petrostates helps extremist groups such as al-Qaida recruit locals; and as an obstacle to multilateral cooperation, such as when an importer curries favor with a petrostate to prevent multilateral cooperation on security issues. Understanding these mechanisms can help policymakers design grand strategy and allocate military resources
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
145802
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
While the October 1973 War has been studied from many angles, the Iraqi–American perspective has never been fully investigated. During this war the Bacth regime in Iraq felt compelled not only to send forces to the front, but also to harm American oil interests. As Washington was trying to mitigate the militant situation and prevent the imposition of an oil embargo, Baghdad continuously adopted a confrontational anti-American, anti-Israeli stance. This article uncovers evidence to show that while the Bacth regime did indeed attack American interests, it only did so in ways that would not endanger Iraqi stability and economic interests. The article is based mainly on US National Archives documents, as well as on Iraqi sources.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 |
ID:
188490
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
AT THE OPENING CEREMONY of the 21st Nigeria Oil and Gas (NOG) Conference and Exhibition in Abuja, Nigeria, on July 5, 2022, then-secretary general of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Mohammad Sanusi Barkindo deplored the current alarming situation in the world oil and gas market. "Our industry is now facing huge challenges along multiple fronts, and these threaten our investment potential now and in the longer term. To put it bluntly, the oil and gas industry is under siege!"1 he said.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|