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GUERRILLA FORCES (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   124446


Renamo's rise and decline: the politics of reintegration in Mozambique / Vines, Alex   Journal Article
Vines, Alex Journal Article
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Publication 2013.
Summary/Abstract Mozambique celebrated 20 years of peace in 2012. Renamo was a successful guerrilla force that mostly demobilized and disarmed. It also contested four presidential and parliamentary elections. Renamo became the largest opposition party in Africa until, 2002 but has since been less successful due to exclusion politics by the party of government Frelimo, and because of tactical mistakes by Afonso Dhlakama, Renamo's leader for 33 years. This paper argues that Dhlakama's leadership was critical in bringing an end to the conflict and delivering Renamo's demobilization, but he was unable to tactically change from a guerrilla mentality. Dhlakama's decision to return to rural central Mozambique in late 2012 and the armed violence that followed in 2013 was out of political desperation. Renamo lacks the support or resources to return Mozambique to civil war, and a splinter party, Movimento Democrático de Moçambique, has benefited.
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2
ID:   131022


Tackling left wing extremism: current trends and road map for conflict resolution / Katoch, Dhruv C   Journal Article
Katoch, Dhruv C Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract An analysis of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) related incidents show's a welcome declining trend over the last three years. The _year 2008 witnessed 1,591 incidents of Naxal violence, which rose to over 2,200 in both 2009 and 2010. Since then, there has been a dip to 1,760, 1,415 and 1,129 incidents across the country for the years 201 1, 2012 and 2013 respectively.' The fatalities due to Naxal violence have also registered a sharp decline over the last three years (see Fig 1)? The trends indicate improved capability of the state governments and their security forces to deal with attacks by Maoists, especially on police posts. However, they do not indicate any appreciable degradation in the strength of the armed Wing of the Maoist groups, most notably the People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (PLGA) of the Communist Party of India (Mam), [CPM(M)] which does not appear to have been weakened in any appreciable manner.
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