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ID: 124471

Naked anxiety: bathhouses, nudity, and the Dhimm? woman in 18th-century Aleppo / Semerdjian, Elyse

Semerdjian, Elyse	Journal Article
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2013.

Summary/Abstract

In the 18th century, non-Muslims and women crossed social boundaries during a period of increased global consumption, prompting intervention on the part of Ottoman officials. On the imperial level, the sultan promulgated edicts to restrict such crossings, following the path of earlier laws that had regulated public spaces including bathhouses. In Aleppo, a local reflection of these 18th-century trends was increased monitoring of nudity and of contact between Muslims and non-Muslims within the city's bathhouses. Regulations required that bathkeepers provide separate bath sundries for Muslims and non-Muslims and prohibited co-confessional bathing for women in particular. With the assistance of guilds-and to a lesser extent millet representatives-complex bathing schedules for Muslim and non-Muslim women were registered at court to support segregation policies. Jurists discussing modesty requirements for Muslim women declared that non-Muslim (dhimm?) women were to be treated as unrelated men in that they were forbidden to gaze upon a naked Muslim woman. Shari?a court rulings were constructed along similar lines, indicating that the dhimm? woman was an unstable, liminal social category because in some circumstances her gaze was gendered male. Muslim male elites and local guilds ultimately instituted segregated bathing schedules to protect the purity of Muslim women from the danger posed by the dhimm? female figure.

Key Words

Muslim Women ; History - 18th Century ; Muslim History - 18th Century ; Social Perspectives ; Dhimmi Women ; Aleppo ;
Naked Anxiety ; Traditions - Muslims ; Ottoman Officials ; Global Consumption ; Bathhouse ; Social Life - Muslim Women ;
Bathhouse Ambivalence

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ID: 127995

Residents' attitudes to proposed wind farms in the west coast r: a social perspective from the South / Lombard, Andrea; Ferreira, Sanette

Lombard, Andrea	Journal Article
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Publication

2014.

Summary/Abstract

The West Coast Region (WCR) of the Western Cape Province in South Africa is earmarked for 13 onshore wind farm projects totaling approximately 700 wind turbines. The developed world debate about the social acceptance of wind farm projects has impeded and illuminated a number of these developments. This paper is aimed at understanding people's reaction to proposed wind farm projects in the WCR - a region of a developing country - and to investigate whether the reasoning behind opposition to or acceptance of wind farm projects is similar to the discourse on the topic by scholars in the developed world. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect primary data by semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire survey. A spatial dimension was added through a map-based approach. Reactions by WCR residents to the wind farm projects were mainly positive, although some opposition was detected. International scholarship holds that place attachment serves as a reason for opposition to wind farm projects. Although most of the WCR residents had strong place attachments to their region, most of the respondents also supported the proposed wind farm projects.

Key Words

South Africa ; Energy Policy ; Residential Energy Demand ; Social Acceptance ; Conventional Energy ; Social Perspectives ;
Non Conventional Energy ; West Coast Reason - South Africa ; Wind Form - Energy Sources

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