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ID:
124565
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the rural health-care organization of China, township hospitals ensure the delivery of medical services above village health stations and below county hospitals. Particularly damaged by the economic reforms implemented from 1975 to the end of the 1990s, the efficiency of township hospitals has been questioned, mainly because of the implementation since 2003 of the reform of health insurance in rural areas (New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme). From a database of 24 randomly selected township hospitals observed over the period 2000-2008 in Weifang Prefecture (Shandong), this study examines the efficiency of township hospitals through a two-stage approach. As curative and preventive medical services delivered at township hospital level use different production processes, two data envelopment analysis models are estimated with different orientations to compute scores. The results show that technical efficiency has declined over time. The factors explaining technical efficiency are mainly environmental characteristics rather than internal ones. Among these environmental factors, NRCMS have in average a negative effect on the evolution of THs efficiency, although efficiency have improved for some of them. Our results suggest also that, in the context of China, the efficiency of township hospitals is influenced by unobservable factors. From our findings, we suggest five main orientations to improve THs efficiency.
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| 2 |
ID:
132577
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Total Factor Productivity - TFP
Water Sector - Malaysia
Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA
Technological Improvements
Optimal Performance
Capital Investment
Social Reforms
Social Welfares
Economic Policy
Malaysia
Resource Utilization
Tariff Rates
Economic Liberalization
This paper analyses efficiency within the Malaysian water sector using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and the Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Index. The results of the DEA show that the sector's mean technical efficiency was about 65 per cent over a ten-year period (1999 to 2008), which means that there is significant room for improvement in the area of resource utilization, whereby the sector can expand by 35 per cent whilst continuing to use the same amount of resources. The findings also indicate that Pulau Pinang state has the most efficient utilization of water and can therefore serve as a benchmark for optimal performance. The TFP analysis shows that the sector lags behind in the area of technological improvements, confirming an ongoing problem of inadequate capital investment. The findings indicate a positive relationship between efficiency and profitability and a negative relationship between efficiency and tariff rates. The relationship between privatization and efficiency, however, cannot be ascertained solely from the findings of this paper.
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