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MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA - MENA (3) answer(s).
 
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ID:   124599


Liberal democracy promotion in Iraq: a model for the Middle East and North Africa? / Bridoux, Jeff; Russell, Malcolm   Journal Article
Bridoux, Jeff Journal Article
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Publication 2013.
Summary/Abstract is article asks whether there are lessons that can be drawn from the democratization of Iraq for the possible democratization of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the wake of the 2010-2011 Arab uprisings. The paper draws on the democratization program in Iraq in 2003 and 2004 to demonstrate that focusing on the promotion of a liberal democratic model in Iraq translated into a lack of operational flexibility, which let democracy assistance unable to cope with socio-economic demands, local realities and reactions to democratization. Taking into account a variation in the intensity of interventionism between Iraq and MENA, the article argues that there is sufficient similarities between both cases to point Western democracy promoters in the direction of models of democracy that offer a more comprehensive response to the current political transition in Egypt, Tunisia and Libya than the traditional focus on the promotion of liberal democracy does.
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2
ID:   132510


NATO's problematic partnerships in the MENA region / Kjennerud, Erik Reichborn   Journal Article
Kjennerud, Erik Reichborn Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract This essay analyzes how the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is likely to address the new security environment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It investigates how factors internal and external to the alliance shape the possibilities and limits for its ambition to strengthen and develop its regional partnerships in order to enhance security and stability there. NATO's ambitions are likely to be hampered by competing priorities within the alliance, as the as the members are increasingly facing diverging interests and financial austerity as well as domestic political change and regional rivalries in the MENA region.
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3
ID:   132527


Reassessing the "Turkish Model" in the Post-Cold War Era: a role theory perspective / Dal, Emel Parlar; Er?en, Emre   Journal Article
Dal, Emel Parlar Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract This article aims to discuss and analyze the emergence and evolution of Turkey's role as a model in the international system in three different periods, 1991-93, 2003-05 and 2010-12. To this end, it methodologically uses the main concepts of role theory: role expectations, role conceptions and role performance. Focusing on K.J. Holsti's example national role conception category in particular, it seeks to reveal the major similarities and differences between the role expectations that have enacted the role conception known as the Turkish model, and compare the impact of these expectations on role performance in each of these three cases. The major argument of the article is that the sustainability of the model's national role conception depends foremost on Turkey's political and economic capabilities that directly influence its role performance.
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