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| 1 |
ID:
130672
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The author examine the trends toward change in modern day military operations and define the role and place of army aviation in ground fighting. They show that it has a key role in operations today and is a major component of the fire system in confrontation with an adversary.
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| 2 |
ID:
130135
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
There are several generations of night vision (NV) devices (NVD) in use today. this article sheds s light on technology used and innovation on the market.
During the Cold War, as a young tank officer, I (John Antal) was trained to move and fight my tanks at night. During my first assignment to Germany in 1978, we illuminated targets at the tank firing range at Grafenwoehr, using mortar and artillery flares. We also had powerful whitelight and "pink-light" IR searchlights mounted on each tank to "turn night into day." The passive IR sights integrated into the fire control system of an M60A1 tank displayed fuzzy outlines of targets that were illuminated by the IR searchlights. As new developments in NV devices occurred, we were fielded better tanks with better NV equipment. In my four-year tour in Germany, the NV systems on my tanks evolved from IR searchlights to passive sights that did not require illumination by searchlights. By the time I commanded a tank company at the end of my tour of duty, my "newer" M60A3 tanks were equipped with the latest thermal
imaging systems and we engaged targets rapidly and accurately in total darkness. This was a remarkable transformation in fighting capability and emblematic of the rapid technological progression in the field of NV devices.
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| 3 |
ID:
134042
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores the shifting methods of U.S. state violence. Building on their earlier work, the authors focus on the use of drones for targeted killings in Pakistan, but here they tease out the wider implications for the future of "warfare"-particularly the meaning and extent of sovereignty and territory. The authors argue that drone strikes both emerge from and feed back into a series of evolutions in the nature of state violence, centered on the intensely bureaucratic and automated delivery of death. This technopolitical transformation, they contend, is underwritten by the abandonment of "thought" and the ascendance of what Hannah Arendt calls an unaccountable "rule by nobody." To build this argument, the authors investigate the institutional conditions of modern-day drone strikes, moving historically and geographically to the birth of the Predator drone and the rise of the CIA in 1980s Afghanistan. By studying nonhuman sources of power, the authors argue that today's planetary manhunt exceeds any direct human control. They conclude by exploring the "individualization" of targeting and its likely consequences for war and law enforcement.
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| 4 |
ID:
125964
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In a futuristic battlefield, which would rely widely on precision guided weapons and virtual platforms, Robotic technology is going to play a pivotal role. Presently, the use of robotics with the military and paramilitary forces, especially in India, is limited to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) or for landmine and explosive research. A few armies from the developed world are using them for counter terrorism purpose. The use of robotic technology, programmed with Artificial Intelligence Applications can cater to the most vital roles in aerial combat and also in tactical battle areas. Increasing militarisation of robots will be a reality soon and India has a huge challenge to catch up with the developments in this area.
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| 5 |
ID:
132306
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Chile and Bolivia have been intertwined in a complex relationship of hostility and cooperation for over a century. Since the Bolivian defeat in the War of the Pacific and the Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1904, issues of resource sharing and Bolivia's sovereign access to sea on the Pacific side have altered the dynamics of such a relationship. Indeed, they appear to be the major stumbling blocs to attempts at normalisation of relations between the two Andean neighbours. In the recent years, Chile-Bolivia relations have been strained over the issue of gas. Bolivia's political volatility over gas and Chile's refusal to discuss the issue of access to the sea were viewed as being part of the same quagmire of relations. However, despite disparities in development between the two countries, globalisation has altered the context of mutual engagement. Against this backdrop, the article specifically looks at one such contemporary issue of bilateral contestation, that is, the gas issue. The article will examine its geo-economic significance in the larger context of regional cooperation and energy security. It intends to probe the plausibility of the argument that the gas issue has the promise and potential to lighten the sedimented antagonism between the two.
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| 6 |
ID:
130551
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Purpose-This article discusses the development of the Internet in North Korea and the related challenges and opportunities.
Design/methodology/approach-This study gives a comprehensive overview of the development of the Internet in North Korea, starting with a history of the introduction of the Internet in North Korea, and then discusses various applications, challenges and opportunities based on reports and personal observations.
Findings-North Korea can no longer ignore the Internet, neither as a chance to further its intentions, e.g., in cyber warfare, as well as in national self-representation and business, nor as a threat due to the greater availability of knowledge in the country. Its countermeasures to the uncontrolled flow of information result in ever greater surveillance costs, while pushing further back the competitiveness of the country.
Originality/value-While there have been numerous reports on singular aspects of the opening of North Korea to information and communication industries, notably mobile communication, outsourcing, and cyber warfare, there has not yet been a comprehensive study of the issue.
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| 7 |
ID:
132330
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article analyses how, within the European Union foreign policy system, information is gathered and knowledge is constructed. The analysis is based on the evidence provided by a unique dataset, comprising the Heads of Mission reports between 1998 and 2010 and the EU member states' diplomatic networks. After distinguishing between information and knowledge, the article tackles three related aspects. First, it shows that the EU is able not only to favour information exchanges, but also to gather information and construct knowledge. Second, it argues that, while member states have an interest in contributing their own information and knowledge, European knowledge is also possible. This is demonstrated by means of an in-depth analysis of the preparation of the Heads of Mission report on East Jerusalem. Third, the article suggests that, depending on the reach of their diplomatic network, some member states are interested more than others in European information, but all member states are interested in European knowledge and in each other's interpretation of current affairs
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| 8 |
ID:
127571
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
One of the notable trends of the past century that will likely continue to strongly influence global politics in this century is the current information revolution. And with this information revolution comes an increase in the role of soft power-the ability to obtain preferred outcomes by attraction and persuasion rather than coercion and payment. Information revolutions are not new-one can think back to the dramatic effects of Gutenberg's printing press in the sixteenth century. But today's information revolution is changing the nature of power and increasing its diffusion. Sometimes called "the third industrial revolution," the current transformation is based on rapid technological advances in computers and communications that in turn have led to extraordinary declines in the costs of creating, processing, transmitting, and searching for information
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| 9 |
ID:
127345
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study examines the emergence of information and communications technology (ICT) in facilitating political protest in the Middle East, with a focus on the Iranian experience. With the rise of 'emancipating technology' to mobilise popular support, many had hoped that the incumbent regime in Iran would be steered towards a more democratic and less authoritarian path. At the same time, the Iranian regime itself has shown an increasingly sophisticated technical nous, constructing a centralised censorship network and using available technology to proliferate propaganda and control and subdue cyber-protest. As such, ICT has acted as a complex dual-edged sword in both mutually supporting and suppressing political activism in modern-day Iran.
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| 10 |
ID:
127589
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Terrorism, a form of violence that deliberately rather than inadvertently targets civilians, should be understood as a process that evolves over long periods of time, rather than as a series of discrete events. This approach helps place the cataclysmic events of September 11, 2001, in comparative perspective. It also avoids the erroneous assumption that radical Islamism and terrorism are synonymous. From a long-term perspective, 9/11 marked neither a culmination of a trend nor a completely new phenomenon. Terrorism is not static-strategy adapts to circumstances and profits from technological advances; states take effective precautions; different ideologies and conditions motivate violence-but there are also important continuities.
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| 11 |
ID:
185769
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| Summary/Abstract |
Mankind in outer space has progressed from exploration to exploitation. The future of war and the success of ground forces will be critically dependent upon the effective use of space assets and capabilities across the spectrum of conflict. The coming of space-based systems has added a fourth dimension to modern day warfare and has made it imperative that exploration of space and its dominance have to be concurrently thought about and planned for organisationally.
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| 12 |
ID:
131326
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper provides a political economy analysis of the evolution of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), or 'drones' in the USA. Focus is placed on the interplay between the polity and private economic influences, and their impact on the trajectory of political, economic, and military outcomes. We identify the initial formation of the drone industry, trace how the initial relationships between the military and the private sector expanded over time, and discuss present relationships. Understanding the historical evolution of UAV technology, as well as the major players in the industry today, is important for ongoing policy debates regarding the use of drones both domestically and internationally.
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| 13 |
ID:
132263
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Plans are afoot for the Indian Navy to induct a variety of potent anti-ship weapons in this decade Over the course of this decade, the Indian Navy would have inducted a range of new generation anti-ship missiles which will offer substantially greater engagement ranges, improved warheads and appreciably greater target acquisition and detection capability.
Modern warships being produced at Indian shipyards today have far greater target detection ranges than ever before. This fact, coupled with their shipborne anti-ship missiles and those carried on board the MiG-29K and Boeing P-8I, would mean that the adversary can expect to be hit hard and at a considerable distance away from causing harm to Indian naval ships. Apart from this, the Scorpene submarine with MBDA Exocet AM39 missiles will present a potent threat to sea-going assets of the enemy.
The navy had already set into motion the process to acquire a number of medium range anti-ship missiles to be installed aboard its current fleet of ships and future types. The crown jewel amongst the navy's anti-ship missiles is the supersonic (Mach 3 capable) Brahmos cruise missile. Equipping a number of warships, the Brahmos is the prime strike weapon on the Project 1135.6 guided missile frigates (Talwar Class). The supersonic cruise missile was successfully flight tested from INS Kolkata, the lead ship of the indigenously developed Project 15 A Class Destroyers, the follow-on ships will be INS Kochi and INS Chennai respectively. The 7,000 tonne warship can carry 16 Brahmos missiles under its deck which are fired through a Universal Vertical Launch Module (ULVM).
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| 14 |
ID:
130881
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Information is an element of combat power and a combat multiplier in the hands of a commander. Field commanders require an organic, responsive, economically viable, multi- source, long endurance, near real-time reconnaissance capability to collect, process and report intelligence throughout the level of conflict. Additionally, commanders need ability to obtain data from anywhere within enemy territory, day and night (24x7), regardless of weather. The answer lies in the use of UAVs, with their inherent characteristics to provide the flexibility to operate in the extended battle space, thereby enabling the ground forces to see first, understand first, act first and finish decisively. UAVs are remotely piloted or self piloted aircraft that can carry cameras, sensors, communication equipment or other payloads. They have been used in the reconnaissance and intelligence gathering role from 1950s; and more challenging roles are envisaged including combat missions. Unmanned vehicles are not impeded by restraints imposed on manned systems, where both the aircraft and crew could be lost. In fact, they are increasingly being employed for missions that were hitherto the domain of manned aircraft. The UAVs today are also providing exclusive capability to forces engaged in sub-conventional operations, especially in the global war on terrorism - in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
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| 15 |
ID:
132261
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Information is power in modern day warfare. As military forces are constantly increasing their versatility and agility with the new and improved weapon systems, they also understand the importance to shore up their intelligence through surveillance and reconnaissance missions, and review their operational readiness. For a military force to have tactical advantage in a combat situation, it is absolutely important to gather as much intelligence as possible about the opponent.
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| 16 |
ID:
129228
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), a lobby once dubbed an "800-pound gorilla" for its ability to frighten senators and representatives into supporting its efforts on behalf of Israel, recently seems to have lost a bit of heft. Beginning last fall, it strongly backed legislation that, if passed, could have derailed ongoing negotiations to restrain Iran's nuclear program. That bill obligated President Barack Obama to seek a deal requiring Iran to dismantle all its nuclear facilities, while also forcing him to certify that Iran was neither supporting terrorism nor testing ballistic missiles -- and it would have imposed new sanctions if those conditions were not met. (An interim deal reached last November limited Iran's enrichment activities but did not require the closure of any facilities.) The Obama administration opposed the legislation, but spurred by AIPAC's efforts, the bill garnered 59 co-sponsors in the Senate -- one shy of ensuring that it could overcome a filibuster.
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