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| 1 |
ID:
124802
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
TWO COMMON PEOPLE - Beshir Sassi, a jobless from Tunisia, and Abdelhamid Gohar, a peasant from Egypt, told me: "We are glad that we had a Revolution. Now we have a lot of freedom and democracy. Nobody can arrest us because of our thoughts which are different from what our rulers think. Life has not become better yet we have become freer - this is the main thing."
This was my strongest impression of people in Tunisia and Egypt I met during the last few weeks on the eve of the second anniversary of the so-called Arab Spring, which had started in January 2011 in Tunisia and spread to Egypt in February 2011.
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| 2 |
ID:
124800
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2013.
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THE 21ST ANNUAL MEETING of the Asia Pacific Parliamentary Forum (APPF), which took place in Vladivostok on Russky Island on January 27-31, 2013, has become the most representative meeting in the entire history of this international parliamentary organization, ending with the adoption of 14 resolutions on key issues of political, trade, economic, and humanitarian cooperation of the Asia-Pacific states.
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| 3 |
ID:
124806
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
BY THE SECOND DECADE of the 21st century, the academic community in Russia and abroad has not yet reached a consensus on economic diplomacy. There is no more or less concerted approach to the terms and ideas used by economic diplomacy; there is no agreement on the time when economic diplomacy first appeared and on its evolution; there is no agreement on its types and mechanisms. Those who write on diplomatic diplomacy are few and far between: I. Ornatsky and L. Gradobitova, also N. Shchetinin who founded the post-Soviet theory of economic diplomacy, Academician I. Ivanov, T. Zonova, A. Likhachev, M. Konarovsky, D. Degtyarev, and some others. Guy Carron de la Carrière, A. Plashchinsky, N. Bayne, S. Woolcock, A. Kasymov, and B. Giyasov are working on the theory of economic diplomacy abroad. This article is my own attempt at developing the theory still further.
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| 4 |
ID:
124798
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2013.
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GERMANY VIEWS THE UNITED NATIONS as the central, most versatile tool for maintaining global peace and stability, all the while paying tribute to the significant role played by regional organizations and groups, primarily the EU, NATO and the OSCE, in this regard. The FRG stands ready to take on a greater burden of responsibility within the UN with the hope of getting a permanent seat in the Organization's most powerful body, the Security Council. Germany regards its wide experience with UN specialized agencies in the implementation of programs of economic development and cooperation for developing countries, its extensive financial assistance to them and, finally, its active participation in peacekeeping missions as strong arguments to enhance its role and influence in the UN. Based on this logic, the FRG seeks, as often as possible (about once every seven or eight years), to ensure its participation in the work of the Security Council as a non-permanent member.
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| 5 |
ID:
124808
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2013.
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RUSSIA'S UNEASY RELATIONSHIP with Poland has no parallel among the other countries next door. But, at the same time, attention should be paid to its versatility. Our being neighbors is not measurable only in political or economic terms. That also includes both culture and private human relations. Suffice to say that, according to some Polish sources, Russia is home to about half a million people of Polish descent. Officially, though, 73,000 people in Russia consider themselves to be Poles. The Russians in Poland number slightly more than 6,000. No Western nation except the Germans has in Russia such a large diaspora. Moreover, after the Germans and Jews, Poles are the largest foreign community in the Russian Federation.
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| 6 |
ID:
124807
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2013.
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ONE OF THE MAIN EVENTS of the past year was the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Kazakhstan and Russia. This period has become an entire historical era that marked drastic changes in the economic and political spheres, as well as in public consciousness. At the same time, the spirit of good neighborliness between the peoples of Kazakhstan and Russia, which has evolved over the centuries of common history, has remained immutable.
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| 7 |
ID:
124813
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2013.
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SITTING IN THE RUSSIAN STATE ARCHIVES for Socio-Political History (RGASPI), formerly the Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute, on Bolshaya Dmitrovka Street in Moscow, I hold in my hands a top secret, until recently, folder with unique documents in Russian, Spanish and English.
It contains materials from the history of the organization with the name exotic even for political gourmands. I mean the Paraguayan Communist Party (PCP) of the mid-1930s.
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| 8 |
ID:
124810
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2013.
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MITTELSTADT is a small town, barely visible on the map of Germany. However, economists around the world are well familiar with this word, and Bonn has a whole research institute which deals exclusively with issues of Mittelstadt.
In fact Mittelstadt is a collective image of uncertain geography. It's a territory which German small and medium-sized businesses inhabit. Here you can easily find a company that employs only thirty people in a workplace the size of a usual auto repair shop, and yet represents itself as a recognized international brand.
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| 9 |
ID:
124811
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2013.
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OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS, Russian-German relations have become large-scale and multifaceted. There is essentially no one sphere of public life that mutual cooperation has not touched. Probably, the Federal Republic of Germany is the only European country with which Russia has experienced such qualitative changes in its mutual relations since the end of the Cold War.
This shows that both sides have been successfully applying the basic meaning of the Treaty on Good-Neighborly Relations, Partnership and Cooperation of November 9, 1990. It set forth political and legal conditions of mutual relations that were very different from the diplomatic relations established between the Soviet Union and the Federal Republic of Germany. And both sides have been taking full opportunity of this clearly historical opportunity to overcome the abyss which appeared between our peoples in the aftermath of the Nazi invasion of 1941-1945 that caused untold suffering, deprivation, and material loss for many millions Russians. Instead of creating and developing, they had to rebuild their demolished or destroyed housing, technical infrastructure, and much more. The consequences of the Hitler invasion for Russia do not compare with the devastation wrought either by the Napoleonic war or the Tatar-Mongolian yoke. The Second World War left deep scars on the historical consciousness of our people and their understanding of the world.
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| 10 |
ID:
124801
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2013.
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FOR A WHOLE YEAR, the world community closely followed the ups and downs of political struggle, and analysts and pundits carefully scrutinized the experience of organizing and conducting elections in the United States. Russian relevant NGOs, having done their first-ever comprehensive remote monitoring of a U.S. presidential election campaign, concluded that a majority of the generally recognized principles for democratic elections, which the U.S. has an international obligation to implement, had not been fully met in organizing the 2012 presidential election.1 A similar conclusion was also reached by the election observation missions sent by the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, which in its reports since the beginning of 2002, including on November 6, 20122 provide an enormous amount of factual evidence of massive voting rights violations. In particular, there is a recommendation that the United States authorities should solve the problem of disproportionate restrictions on the right to active suffrage for whole categories of American citizens, ensure adequate access for international observers to the election procedures and address other important issues of the organization of the electoral process.
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| 11 |
ID:
124796
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
GOOD AFTERNOON, ladies and gentlemen.
I am glad to welcome you to this traditional meeting, to sum up the year 2012 in foreign policy.
Last year was difficult. Uneven global development intensified, instability increased, the Middle East was seething. Of greatest worry is the development of the situation in and around Syria. Terrorist attacks have become almost daily occurrences in the region, weapons have spread unchecked, there is infiltration of militants, including into the Sahara-Sahel zone. The situation in Mali feels the impact of the events in Libya. A very alarming wake-up call was the seizure of hostages in Algeria. Little progress was made towards a solution of the task of non-proliferation of mass destruction weapons - I have in mind the situation around the Iranian nuclear program (INP), the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, and the situation with the convening of the conference to establish a Middle East zone free of weapons of mass destruction.
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| 12 |
ID:
124812
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2013.
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AN EXHIBITION called "Russians and Germans: 1000 Years of History, Art and Culture" opened the Russia-Germany Cross-Cultural Year 2012-2013. It was held under the patronage of Russian Federation President Vladimir Putin and Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany Joachim Gauck. Seventy-five participants from the Russian and German sides, as well as museums and archives of Austria, Switzerland, and Latvia supplied over 700 artifacts for this joint cultural-historical project, bringing them together under the same roof.
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| 13 |
ID:
124799
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2013.
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RUSSIA'S BALANCED FOREIGN POLICY does not mean at all that in protecting its security and development it gives higher priority to the West. The interests of developing Siberia and Russia's Far East call for closer attention to cooperation with countries of the Asia-Pacific region, and above all with China and other East Asian nations. Under current conditions this will amount to following a policy of equidistance. Russia's strategic objectives in East Asia are to promote peace, stability and prosperity, and thereby help it become integrated into the regional architecture of security and cooperation and modernize its economy.
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| 14 |
ID:
124803
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
TODAY, the peoples of the Middle East are living through one of the brightest and critical periods in their history known in the world as "Arab Spring." For two years now, the forces which emerged as a new political element have been fighting desperately in the name of subjugated peoples to restore their violated rights. They call on the world to support their ardent desire to free themselves from the shackles of "injustice" which have been restricting their freedom for a long time. In some cases, these efforts cause relatively little pain, in others, they run across fierce resistance of the ruling elites; they develop into street protest rallies, waves of violence and revolutionary upheavals.
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| 15 |
ID:
124805
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2013.
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HISTORY DOES NOT KNOW the subjunctive mood, but the imperative is well known to it. There are events, often compressed in a short period of time, which, owing to their high spirit and purport, strongly bind together the capabilities of the human mind and conscience for visionary interpretations. Undoubtedly, one of those moments in history fits into the word "Stalingrad."
Yet, as Academician Alexander Chubaryan has related, a joint Russian-German history textbook offers different versions of coverage of the gigantic battle. Well, it would be worse if these viewpoints were a total and complete match.
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| 16 |
ID:
124804
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2013.
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THOSE WHO DISTORT HISTORY, who kill the Truth of History, seek domination over people by depriving them of their roots. Disinformation is a powerful instrument of the self-appointed rulers of the World.
We all know what started the fire which is spreading far and wide in the Arab world and which can start another world war, a global war for natural resources, for trimming the size of mankind by exterminating the "surplus" population and for world domination. We are witnessing an attempt to establish a New World Order in the form of Big Chaos. There is another, latent, aim - elimination of traces of the cultures of Ancient Orient and, in fact, all monuments of ancient civilizations.
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| 17 |
ID:
124809
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2013.
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THE LONG YEARS of close and fruitful cooperation between the USSR and Egypt in various fields, which peaked out in the 1950s-1970s, might have formed a foundation for its further expansion also in the 21st century. It would make sense to understand the mistakes made during the past years which considerably undermined the trust between the two countries, in military cooperation above all.
On the night of July 23, 1952, Egyptian army units staged a coup against the King Farouk regime and took over power in the country.
The new young leaders inherited serious problems. Their prime task was to protect the country's sovereignty and security threatened by the presence of foreign troops - above all British troops - on its territory and control by Western states over the essential elements of Egypt's infrastructure, including the Suez Canal.
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| 18 |
ID:
124797
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2013.
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AS IS KNOWN, the famous Manhattan Project to develop nuclear weapons was launched in the United States in September 1943. When the developers of the Manhattan Project in the United States and I. Kurchatov's group in the Soviet Union were building first atomic bomb models they hardly believed that their creation would have such a long life. The new weapon was developed before the Cold War, when a bipolar world order was just beginning to take shape. It is not easy for a person living in the 21st century to imagine the specifics of that historical era, when one global conflict, which took a toll of tens of millions of human lives, was about to be followed by a looming new large-scale confrontation, threatening even a higher death toll and losses.
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