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| 1 |
ID:
188347
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| Summary/Abstract |
The article aims to contribute to previous research in two main ways. First, we intervene in the debate on the stability of the present unipolar system by offering an analytical framework and an empirical approach for exploring and categorizing the actual strategies pursued by the major powers in the contemporary international system. In doing so, we present an analysis of how the strategies of the five system-determining states interact and affect the stability of the system. Second, in order to be able to explain why states pursue different strategies, we complement the analytical framework of structural realism with insights from research on Power Transition Theory (PTT). Hereby, we offer a new comprehensive theoretical approach for analyzing how asymmetric power relations affect strategic choices of major powers.
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| 2 |
ID:
153445
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| Summary/Abstract |
The authors examine the transformation of the reproduction structure in Russian and Chinese regions engaged in cross-border interaction, which is a timely problem in the light of Russian geopolitical interests. More attention is paid to an analysis of the changes taking place in the structure of the employment of Russia's regional population.
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| 3 |
ID:
133841
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The characteristics of the transformation of the contemporary international system are unprecedented since the birth of the Westphalian system, and even since the end of world war - II and cold war. The transformation of the contemporary international system is reflected firstly in the structural changes to international power, namely the transfer of power. The transfer of power and the transformation of the international order were accomplished through war throughout modern history
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| 4 |
ID:
140832
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| Summary/Abstract |
There has been a distinct trend of military service system change from conscription to enlistment around the world. This study aims to investigate how this change affects the demand for military expenditure. Our model is based on neoclassical model. Empirically, a two-break unit root test is applied to test the endogeneity of structural changes along with the system change. Then, an autoregressive distributed lag model is used to examine the effects on military expenditure. The empirical results show that the demand for military expenditure partly coincides with the system change. The effect of GDP on military expenditure is larger in countries with conscription than in those with enlistment.
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| 5 |
ID:
170130
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| Summary/Abstract |
Malaysia has consistently placed high priority on reducing income inequality, particularly between ethnic groups, with increasing emphasis in recent years on national—rather than intergroup—inequality, exclusion of low-income households, and gender disparity. Official statistics show steeply declining household income inequality in recent years, and a marginal gender wage gap, but further investigation finds different trends and more nuanced pictures. This paper presents alternative findings that pose questions about the official account. Computing estimates of wage distribution, the study finds moderate changes in inequality, with relatively higher wage growth at the top and bottom ends—managers, production and elementary workers—while professionals, skilled workers and service workers have experienced slower gains. Shifts in Malaysia's economic structure and labour markets are consistent with the modest changes in inequality that are observed, and somewhat confound the drastic drop plotted in official sources. On gender inequality, women's rapidly increased educational attainment and steadily rising labour participation have bolstered their economic standing, and may account for the surprisingly low average male-female wage disparity. However, when disaggregated by occupation, age group, and employment status, substantial gender gaps are observed. Malaysia's efforts to redress inequality warrant more rigorous analyses and systematic policies.
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| 6 |
ID:
127625
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Based on an analysis of the changes going on in the sectoral structure of Tajik industry, this article justifies the need to carry out its regular restructuring.
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| 7 |
ID:
179084
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| Summary/Abstract |
Based on data collected from interviews with 41 Palestinian Non-Governmental Organizations (PNGOs) this article will show how they endured the dramatic structural changes that occurred with the advent of the Oslo process and consequently have changed the work dynamics of the PNGO sector in a fundamental manner, and thereby negatively affecting the way society at large and in this case, PNGOs work for the gratification of communities. We theorize around the PNGO’s own descriptions which in detail informs how earlier significant voluntary work in territories under Israeli occupation transformed through an NGOization process leading to professionalization and donor dependence of PNGOs.
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| 8 |
ID:
152688
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| Summary/Abstract |
POST-IMPERIAL and post-Soviet Russia has just started its quest for self-identity. This is neither good nor bad: its new state hypostasis is only twenty-five years old which makes it not an easy task to send "urbi et orbi" a clear and convincing message about its essence and the optimal ways of its realization.
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