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FOREIGN POLICY BELIEFS (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   186560


Lessons (to be) learned? Germany’s Zeitenwende and European security after the Russian invasion of Ukraine / Bunde, Tobias   Journal Article
Bunde, Tobias Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract In Germany, the Russian war on Ukraine is widely perceived as a “Zeitenwende,” a watershed moment undermining key foreign policy beliefs. Despite mounting evidence contradicting them, German elites previously failed to adapt core beliefs regarding Russia and the use of force because these beliefs were not only deeply embedded in largely uncontested identity constructions but also shaped the definition of economic interests, which in turn made ideational adaptation more costly. Moreover, Germany’s extraordinarily beneficial geopolitical situation in the post-Cold War era meant that the country could afford not to learn. Although the “Zeitenwende” will trigger significant change, it is unclear which lessons exactly Germans will now be learning and how far that adaptation will go. Given Germany’s key position in Europe and its previous role in shaping the European and transatlantic policy toward Russia, the results of these learning processes will significantly shape the emerging European security order.
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2
ID:   127823


Non-strategic nuclear weapons as a Trojan horse: explaining Germany's ambivalent attitude / Davis, James W; Jasper, Ursula   Journal Article
Davis, James W Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract Germany's ambivalent attitude toward nuclear weapons is the result of an intricate rivalry between competing principles and goals of foreign and security policy-making. A deeply engrained strategic culture of anti-nuclearism and anti-militarism competes with a belief in collective defense and alliance cohesion. Similarly, the long-held belief in multilateralism is time and again challenged by newly emerging claims for leadership within multilateral institutions. The strategically rather insignificant non-strategic nuclear weapons issue provides a nodal point around which these conflicting principles came to the fore.
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