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ID:
158404
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| Summary/Abstract |
With the increasing emergence of substandard ships sailing under the flag state's ineffective control and the growing number of accidents that negatively affect the marine environment and the maritime order, port states, coastal states, and international organizations have begun to develop new regimes to increase their control over ships. As a result, the authority of flag states is increasingly being challenged, seemingly calling into question the primary jurisdiction and control of flag states over their ships. The aim of this article is to promote a better understanding of the relationship between flag state, coastal state, and port state control.
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| 2 |
ID:
132746
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The industrial sector consumes about 50% of the world×s delivered energy and thus has a large impact on the world×s energy production and consumption. Japan is one of the leading countries in industrial efficiency while China is the world×s largest industrial energy consumer. This study analyzes the energy consumption and efficiency of the Japanese and Chinese manufacturing industry. Analysis shows that the energy intensity of both Japanese and Chinese manufacturing industry has decreased significantly. Decomposition analysis shows that the efficiency effect played an important role in reducing energy intensity; improvement of the energy efficiency of both Japanese and Chinese manufacturing industry showed a trend of exponential decay. Structural effect significantly reduced the energy intensity of the Japanese manufacturing industry while having a relatively small influence on the energy intensity of the Chinese manufacturing industry. Our analysis also shows a strong association of industrial energy efficiency improvement with energy policies, highlighting that energy efficiency policies can play an important role in the reduction of industrial energy intensity. The results of this study also underscore the important, yet very challenging, task of achieving structural change to further improve efficiency.
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| 3 |
ID:
128283
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article discusses the Chinese legal framework in relation to ship recycling and suggests that the various legislation, standards, and opinions provide disorderly and nosystematic regulation. A uniform law specifically regulating the ship-recycling industry should be adopted by China, with a single competent authority empowered to supervise ship-recycling activities, that will effectively implement the 2009 Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships.
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