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| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
128358
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper presents the evolution of the environmental licensing process in Brazil, with focus on transmission lines, identifying and evaluating its critical aspects. For this purpose, we analyze the modalities of insertion of the environmental variable in planning for the Brazilian electric power sector, present an overview of the complexities of energy transmission in the country and describe the evolution of the environmental licensing process, in particular its application to the Madeira transmission line, the world's longest high-voltage direct current line at 2375 km, which connects the northern and southern regions of the country. Finally, we succinctly describe the latest developments of the country's environmental legislation, presenting the advances achieved and future challenges.
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| 2 |
ID:
132683
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The deepwater horizon accident may have shaken the sustainability ratings and indices credibility, but it also reinforced their importance. The objective of this article is to contribute to the improvement of corporate sustainability valuations by investigating if reserves profiles can affect the environmental risk exposure of an Oil & Gas (O&G) corporation. Data on reserves from 2009 to 2012 of 24 listed O&G companies were used to test six hypotheses, addressing how these profiles could relate to the four material environmental risks: climate change, accidents, sensitive area/access, water. The frequency with which companies reported these risks was evaluated using key word in context (KWIC) content analysis. Analysis of variance (Anova) and Student×s t tests were applied to each of the hypotheses. This study shows environmental risks are embedded with the oil and gas reserves. We found the following relationships: (1) companies with heavy oil reserves report more exposure to climate change risks, particularly emissions control; (2) water is more of an issue with companies with higher bitumen and natural gas reserves; and (3) there is significant regional bias in the reporting of the environmental risk factors. These findings have broad implications for the financial industry, governments, investors and lenders alike.
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