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| 1 |
ID:
130710
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The feasibility of carboxymethyl chitosan intercalated montmorillonite (CMCTS-MMT) clay used as a low-costand effective adsorbent for removal of cationic dye, crystal violet from the aqueous solution has been investigated.The synthesis of CMCTS-MMT was confirmed from the analytical information based on the characterization carried out by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction data. During the removal process, batch technique was used and the effect of initial dye concentration, pH, temperature and weight ratio variation of sample composition were evaluated. Sorption process was analysed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The data showed that the second order kinetic model was more appropriate for the absorption of thepresent dye. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms have been analyzed with the help of Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson analytical models. It was observed that the experimental data correlated reasonably well by the Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir isotherms. The desorbed CMCTS-MMT could be reused for adsorption of cationicdye. To investigate the changes in surface morphology of CMCTS-MMT after sorption, scanning electron microscopy analysis were done before and after adsorption of the cationic dye. Finally, the results in this study confirmed thatCMCTS-MMT may be an attractive contender for removal of cationic dyes from the waste water.
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| 2 |
ID:
130709
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Novel organic-inorganic semiconducting hybrid material is developed by chemically grafting polyaniline (PANI) onto an inorganic template, Laponite. The surface active silanol groups of the Laponite sheets were silylated with an aniline functionalised 3-phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane (PAPTMOS) coupling agent followed by deposition of PANI onto the silylated surface. The method includes the reaction of Laponite with PAPTMOS dissolved in a very small amount of methanol at 110 °C for 44 h in a vacuum oven, interaction of the silylated product with PANI via in situ polymerisation of aniline and one-step isolation process by means of the removal of the non-connected PANI with N-methylpyrrolidinone-diethylamine binary solvent. After isolation and re-doping with methane sulfonic acid the Laponite-PAPTMOS-PANI hybrid becomes electrically conductive. The chemical attachment of PANI with silylated Laponite in the hybrids were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy.
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| 3 |
ID:
130714
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Great interest has aroused in developing high impact resistant fabrics based on the incorporation of a shear thickening fluid (STF) into high performance fabrics (Kevlar). This work developed a shear thickening fluid enhanced fabrics and the influence of the shear thickening fluid types against spike impact and the impact resistance performance were investigated. Silica nano-particle impregnated Kevlar fabrics exhibit significantly enhanced ballistic performance while retaining flexibility. It was found that fabrics impregnated with functionalized nanoparticles offer multiple resistance to the penetration of a sharp impactor. The improvement in protection is traced by the formation of siloxane bonds during functionalization. It exhibits significant improvement in shear stiffness and aslight increase in tensile stiffness. The impact strength properties of all samples were tested using impact testingand quasi-static testing apparatuses. Chemical compositions and microscopic structures were analyzed with Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The current study clearly displays a significant enhancement in penetration resistance of Kevlar fabric impregnated with different combination of STF's.
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| 4 |
ID:
130750
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Quantitative analysis of curing mechanisms of epoxy resin by mi
/ Cholake, Sagar T; Mada, Mykanth R; Raman, R.K. Singh; Bai, Yu, Zhao, Xl, Rizkalla, Sami, Bandyopadhyay, Sri
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article informs the essence of major work done by a number of researchers on the analysis of two-step curing mechanism of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin in presence of amine curing agents using near- and mid-IR technology. Various peaks used as a marker for resin formation are discussed and their implementation is comprehensively studied. In addition to this, a wide range of information about the importance of reference peaks in both near-IR (NIR) and mid-IR (MIR) regions are congregated and their accuracy is audited. Also discrepancies observed by researchers in epoxy conversion (?) in NIR and MIR regions are reviewed to highlight the comparative advantages of both regions, one over the other.
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| 5 |
ID:
130746
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
It is believed that addition of small amount of nanoclays in the neat epoxy and fiber reinforced epoxy composite system can improve the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of most of polymer matrix composites are sensitive to testing rate. However, most of the researches were concentrated on the behavior of the polymer
matrix composites at high strain rates. The present research work is to investigate the role of clay on neat epoxy and glass-fiber reinforced epoxy composites, at low strain rates. The clay in terms of 1.5 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% are dispersed in the epoxy resin using mechanical stirring followed by sonication process. The corresponding glass/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared by impregnating the clay epoxy mixture by hand lay-up process. Characterization of the nanoclay is done by X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Tensile stress-strain curves are obtained at strain rates of 10-4 s-1, 10-3 s-1, 10-2 s-1, and 10-1 s-1 by a hydraulic machine reporting that, even at low strain rates, the longitudinal strength and stiffness increase as strain rate increases for all clay loadings. It is observed that the tensile modulus increases as the clay loading increases for both epoxy and glass/epoxy nanocomposites. It is also noticed that the longitudinal tensile strength decreases as the clay loading increases. The failed specimens show marked changes in the fracture surface with increased strain rate. Scanning electron microscopy is used to study the fiber/matrix/clay adhesion in fracture surfaces.
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