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| 1 |
ID:
073666
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2005.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article presents the case of Cape Verdeans living in Boston, Massachusetts, as a community faced with the dilemma of constructing social identities within a racialized society. The Cape Verdean diaspora community of Boston is one that is fragmented into two distinct sectors of "Cape Verdean Americans" and "Cape Verdean immigrants." Through an analysis of "identity narratives," this article illustrates how Cape Verdeans' diasporic identity formation is constructed out of processes of negotiation and contestation. In determining whether Cape Verdeans living in Boston associate more with their cultural group or other larger racialized groups whom they resemble (e.g., African-Americans, Latinos), this article reveals how diasporic identities are not merely a given, but are a matter of heated debate. The Cape Verdean diaspora of Boston provides an interesting example of how immigrants of African descent are actively reshaping the boundaries of racial categories by creating a space for cultural differentiation. The self-identification practices of Cape Verdeans are not unlike those of many other racially and ethnically defined immigrants in the United States, who continue to relocate to the United States, permanently or temporarily, due to personal choice, economic necessity, political persecution, ecological escape, and familial reunification. This article demonstrates how racial and ethnic categories are expanding and thus challenging our common sense notions of race, ethnicity, and culture.
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| 2 |
ID:
130385
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article addresses the migration aspirations of young, lower middle-class Cameroonians living in Anglophone Cameroon. Deportations and prevention campaigns portray the negatives of migration, yet often have little impact because they assume that migrants' aspirations are grounded in the prior success of other migrants. This research takes its lead from the question: Why aren't aspiring migrants in Cameroon discouraged by migration failure? It is based on an ethnographic fieldwork conducted between September 2007 and January 2009 in Buea (South West Cameroon). Since the late 1990s, the desire for a future 'away from home' has come to be expressed in Anglophone Cameroon by aspirations of going to 'bush'. Taking seriously people's conceptions of success and failure in places of departure, the article argues that locally voiced claims of 'global belonging' exert an important influence on migration aspirations. An understanding of deeply rooted migration desires must include an analysis of identity politics.
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| 3 |
ID:
130384
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This special issue addresses the imagination of futures 'away from home' in a globalising world. While a growing number of migration scholars have taken into account that migration considerations are always socially embedded and culturally informed, the processes at work among a mounting number of (young) men and women throughout the world, who are convinced that a better life can only be found 'away from home', have been notably understudied. This special issue goes beyond the study of migration aspirations as a question of migration only. It focuses on the specific contexts (in five different countries) within which migration dreams are born, and sometimes even cultivated. It explores the sociocultural embedding of these aspirations by investigating the interpretation of local realities versus global possibilities, and examines how the aspirations of so many worldwide link up to the wider interconnections between globalisation and the sociocultural, political and economic transformations 'back home'.
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| 4 |
ID:
130394
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Recent studies show that the numbers of aspiring migrants continue to be on the increase worldwide not only in the typical emigration countries in the South but also in the usual destination countries in the North. Yet, while migration theorists have recently included the micro perspective of individual agency and sociocultural logics in their search for the engine behind the migration flows, far less research has been done on the sociocultural embeddedness of the imaginations of aspiring migrants, most of whom will never migrate. In Senegal, an increasing large number of men and women are very focused on transnational migration. This article tries to unravel the knot as to what lies at the core of this seeming national preoccupation with migration out of Senegal. Its conclusion suggests that the pervasive desire of so many is rooted in the way in which the economic claims of family members and friends are culturally informed.
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| 5 |
ID:
130392
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
At the time of the research, Khartoum was a multi-ethnic and multinational metropolis of 8 million people. A considerable part of the population consists of Southern Sudanese migrants and displaced persons that came during the 20 years plus of civil war in South Sudan to the capital. These people were categorised after the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), as displaced people regardless as to whether they come to the capital as labour migrants, students or because of the war to the capital. The notion of displacement assumes that they are people who are 'out of place': thereby assuming a former situation of being in place, a place that can be called 'home'. After the CPA from 2005, this frequently only imagined home became a real place for the IDP's to which they are supposed to go back. Yet, many migrants and displaced people are reluctant to move to Southern Sudan. Their decision about going to the South or staying in Khartoum depends not only on the opportunities and perspectives in their respective 'home' areas but also on the perceptions of belonging and identity. The imaginations and aspirations about the future life in South Sudan, which I analyse in this article, reflect this ambivalent positioning.
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| 6 |
ID:
130389
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The objective of this article is to analyse the preparation process of young Moroccan migrants intended to migrate to Italy. My focus is on the personal and collective formulation of their desire to leave and on concomitant action taken to bring about these aspirations; highlighting the complexity of the imagination, which migration - and expected return - entails. A second point of interest is the agency exerted by such youth, as they prepare for departure; even when they have not yet physically left the country. In addition, my observation is focussed on networks emerging as a result of having to deal with state-imposed, migration restrictions, as well as with the politics of humanitarian agencies and NGOs. I argue that these aspiring migrants project themselves into the future and act in accordance with what they long to become. They shape themselves as mobile subjects through a process of self-making to overcome the above-mentioned constraints.
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| 7 |
ID:
130387
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
These days, the imagined destinations of ever more people, particularly in the 'global South', are not where they were born but elsewhere. Using a case study of educated (lower) middle-class youth in Dhaka, this paper attempts to demonstrate that for many 'aspiring migrants', the yearning for leaving is a metaphor for disappointment and disengagement rather than the first step towards transnational migration. Economic growth, rapid urbanisation and the increasing investment in education infest the emerging urban (lower) middle-class youth with new 'modern' lifestyle desires that cannot be fulfilled in their home country and generate a sense of disengagement with Bangladesh. The paper focuses in particular on how the - culturally embedded - imaginations of foreign places link up to personal (re-)evaluations of local lives. Nearly all informants explained how local socio-economic, political and existential insecurities made them yearn for 'safe' places where their dreams could be fulfilled.
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