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| 1 |
ID:
124534
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Japanese Language Teaching (JLT) is well established in Australia but the number of students studying Japanese has been declining. This decline is due to various factors, among them the rise of Mandarin as a language taught in schools and a reduction in government support for JLT. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), a popular content-based teaching approach developed in Europe, is currently being trialled in Australian primary and secondary schools, and some of these schools have JLT programs. In Europe, CLIL has been particularly successful in improving learners' conversational ability, and the embrace of Japanese CLIL programs in Australia is therefore positive. However, there are factors involved in teaching a particular language in a particular country or region which may influence the success of the approach. In this article I argue that issues related to JLT in Australia, such as the relationship between Australia and Japan, teaching resources, teacher bilingualism and linguistic distance, need to be carefully examined in order to maximise CLIL's potential in a new context.
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| 2 |
ID:
124532
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article provides a close reading of three of Murakami Haruki's most representative love stories: Norwegian Wood, South of the Border, West of the Sun, and Sputnik Sweetheart. It aims to explore the representation of love in these novels through investigating their equivocal or inconclusive endings. I argue that equivocality is incorporated into these memoir-style works of fiction by analysing narrative features of the final scene. Norwegian Wood is narrated in such a way that the centre of orientation gradually shifts from the 'narrating self' to the 'narrated self', a shift that reduces the distance between narrator and reader and adds indeterminacy to the ending. The last episode of Sputnik Sweetheart is temporally destabilised by a shift to simultaneous narration, making the scene appear imaginary or unreal. In South of the Border, West of the Sun, the plot arrangement allows for multi-interpretation. I argue that Murakami, in all these stories, has purposefully adopted these devices to avoid determinacy or definiteness, and such inconclusiveness complements and reflects his concept of love.
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| 3 |
ID:
124530
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Military changes that took place in Japan during the late sixteenth century bear a striking resemblance to those in Europe at about the same time. This essay argues that the Roberts thesis of military revolution - widely applied to Europe - provides a useful framework for identifying a series of cascading developments that, once realized, constituted the fundamental elements of a similar revolution in early modern Japan. These included: the almost universal adoption of firearms, the development of tactics for the effective deployment of those firearms, and finally, a change in the composition and organization of armies leading to the professionalization of warfare. Most important, by revolutionizing the way armies were organized and wars were fought, Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi contributed directly to the emergence of new notions of centralized authority that were critical to the creation of a unified and peaceful early modern state.
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| 4 |
ID:
124529
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past quarter of a century, research on the connection between empire and environment has flourished worldwide. Most writings, though, have focused on the history of European empire-building or American westward expansion; few have anything significant to say about the Japanese empire. The present essay aims to address this lacuna by exploring interrelated changes to the forest landscape in imperial Japan's colonies of Korea, Taiwan and Karafuto and in peripheral areas of 'Japan proper' (naichi). This exploration provides a basis for addressing the questions: How might our images of the Japanese imperial expansion be challenged if we consider its history from the vantage point of forests? What light does the natural and cultural history of forests in the Japanese empire shed on wider debates about imperialism, environmentalism and modernity?
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| 5 |
ID:
124533
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Nicovideo is a popular video-sharing site in Japan that incorporates several aspects of social media into its design. Key among these is the projection of user-made comments into the video display by having text scroll across the screen like an animated subtitle-track. The movement of comments across the screen and the 'pseudo-synchronicity' created by the way they are projected produces a feeling of 'live' viewing via a sense of virtual time shared between users. In this article I argue that the feeling of movement and time on the site directs users toward a certain kind of vision that, when considered alongside the modes of counter-transparent communication taken up by its user base through things like orthographic 'mistypes', is part of a shift between denotational and pictorial forms of text production that troubles the distinction between reading and other modes of vision. The article conceptualizes what kind of vision Nicovideo's interface suggests and its relationship to a distinct kind of polyphonic, anonymous communication that intersects with ideas of animation and performance. It is particularly through the intensity of textual representation that I will pursue these questions.
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| 6 |
ID:
124531
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| Publication |
2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
While the performance of its celebrated actors is often in the limelight, an equally important, but often unremarked, element of the Noh world is the many amateur performers who engage in the practice as a leisure activity. This article explores the shifts in identity that women say occur through Noh practice. I examine the 'states of being' that arise through these performances, and explore how women say Noh practice contributes to their life course development. Drawing on ethnographic research, I examine how the process of learning Noh intertwines with the everyday lives of women amateurs, and how the rigours and pleasures of learning Noh take on a particular significance as women grow older.
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