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ID:
131534
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper focuses on a long-running and understudied Egyptian economic institution, the beer industry. While the presence of a well-developed beer industry in a predominantly Muslim country is noteworthy in itself, it is the consistent profitability of this industry despite the vicissitudes of Egypt's economic and political development that have made it truly remarkable. Relying heavily on archival material, including documents preserved in Cairo's Dar al-Watha?iq (Egyptian National Archives), this paper tracks the development of the beer industry in Egypt from 1897, when Belgian entrepreneurs started the Pyramid and Crown breweries, to the 1960s, when the Egyptian government nationalized the two companies. This analysis uses the history of the beer company to map larger social and economic trends in the colonial and semicolonial Egyptian economy (1882-1963) and to further problematize the foreign/Egyptian dichotomy that shapes discussions of it.
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| 2 |
ID:
183761
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| Summary/Abstract |
From 1963 until 1975, Heineken, the Dutch brewing giant, was in dispute with the Egyptian government. The battle over compensation for the nationalization of the company’s assets in Egypt would become an international issue and a referendum on Egypt’s economic future. Although the two sides would eventually come to an agreement, the intense back and forth, preserved in Heineken’s company archives, sheds light on Egypt and its economy in a transitional period. This article, using unstudied archival material from Heineken, the Egyptian government, and local breweries, argues that the battle lays bare the roots of Egypt’s economic problems since the 1970s.
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