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| 1 |
ID:
126259
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Even amidst the devastation following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan that killed more than 20,000 people, it was the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant that led the country's prime minister, Naoto Kan, to fear for "the very existence of the Japanese nation." While accidents that result in mass radiological releases have been rare throughout the operating histories of existing nuclear power plants, the growing number of plants worldwide increases the likelihood that such releases will occur again in the future. Nuclear power is an important source of energy in the U.S. and will be for the foreseeable future. Accidents far smaller in scale than the one in Fukushima could have major societal consequences. Given the extensive, ongoing Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and industry assessment of nuclear power plant safety and preparedness issues, the Center for Biosecurity of UPMC focused on offsite policies and plans intended to reduce radiation exposure to the public in the aftermath of an accident. This report provides an assessment of Japan's efforts at nuclear consequence management; identifies concerns with current U.S. policies and practices for "outside the fence" management of such an event in the U.S.; and makes recommendations for steps that can be taken to strengthen U.S. government, industry, and community response to large-scale accidents at nuclear power plants.
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| 2 |
ID:
157471
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| Summary/Abstract |
In 2013, the staff of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission estimated the reduction of the off-site economic losses from a fire in a drained U.S. spent fuel pool if fuel that had cooled for more than five years were transferred to dry cask storage--an option it called "expedited transfer." In this article, it is shown that the savings would be much higher than the NRC estimated. Savings increase to about $2 trillion if: losses beyond 50 miles are included; the land-contamination threshold for long-term population relocation is changed to that used for the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents and recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; and, based on the experience of Japan, decontamination of land areas to levels acceptable for population return is assumed to take at least four years. If expedited transfer were implemented, the off-site economic losses would be reduced by about 98%.
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| 3 |
ID:
021129
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| Publication |
Jan-Feb 2002.
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| Description |
38-44
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| 4 |
ID:
055369
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| 5 |
ID:
145385
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| Summary/Abstract |
Despite the threat of nuclear disasters, Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are prominent and provide approximately 5.7 % of the world’s energy and 13% of the world’s electricity. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the nuclear industry require actively seeking information on new hazards and incorporating modern risk concepts into safety requirements, and examine off-site responses. India cannot be an exception to this requirement.
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| 6 |
ID:
094531
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| 7 |
ID:
021940
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| Publication |
July-Aug 2002.
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| Description |
14-17
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