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| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
132540
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The past decade has witnessed unprecedented levels of investment and engagement in global health spurred by the global HIV/AIDS crisis, the development of the Millennium Development Goals, momentum in polio eradication, and global outbreaks of infectious diseases such as SARS with its US$40 billion cost to society. Characterized by a sense of urgency, pragmatism, and opportunity, global health services and public health systems are being advanced to respond to rapidly expanding demands with dramatic results. However, much more remains to be done. After a decade in emergency mode, the next phase of global health work requires an even more precise approach and smarter investments. Many "donor" nations and organizations have tightened their belts in response to the recent economic downturn, while at the same time increasing the numbers of "recipient" countries, and are now better able to invest more of their own resources to benefit and protect their own citizens. In this climate, global health investments in programs and innovations must be better targeted and better informed by strategic information more than four-fold from US $6.7 billion in 1993 to US $28.4 billion in 2011. Accompanying this investment was a striking decline in mortality in children under five years of age from 12.6 million deaths in 1990 to 6.6 deaths million in 2012. Improvements in health are not the only positive outcome of these investments. The same Commission concluded that global health is a smart investment - for every dollar invested in health, it can be expected that there will be a 10-20 fold return in economic benefit to society. Healthier people are more productive and contribute back to the economy. Healthier people also lower health care costs, naturally, by requiring less care.
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| 2 |
ID:
135570
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| Summary/Abstract |
The theoretical framework exploring security changed following the end of the cold war. In the post-cold war era, strategic thinkers and policy makers developed a new discourse that took into account non-military security issue like lack of healthcare, poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, poor food, poor sanitation system, poor governance and environmental issues as non-traditional security issue. This innovative paradigm shift has helped expand the horizon of security studies. The contribution of Copenhagen school is noteworthy in this connection.
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