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BABAR, ZAHRA R (3) answer(s).
 
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ID:   132936


Cost of belonging: citizenship construction in the state of Qatar / Babar, Zahra R   Journal Article
Babar, Zahra R Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract In Qatar, processes of constructing citizenship have been strongly state-driven over the past four decades. This article reviews the primary in?uences on Qatari citizenship laws, including historical and contemporary social contexts that have impacted the development of relevant legislation. The article argues that the existing ?nancial privileges of Qatari citizenship as well as the presence of a dominant nonnational population have led to an ever more restrictive legal environment around access to citizenship.
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2
ID:   175980


Migrant Workers Bear the Pandemic’s Brunt in the Gulf / Babar, Zahra R   Journal Article
Babar, Zahra R Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract The six Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf host some of the largest global populations of international labor migrants. As COVID-19 began spreading across the Gulf, migrants made up a large share of the positive cases identified. Migrants’ living and working conditions in the Gulf and other structural vulnerabilities increased their exposure to the disease. Despite the risks of staying in the Gulf, many lower-income migrants preferred to do rather than returning to their home countries. For them, travel restrictions and the difficulty of finding work back home in the midst of the pandemic have outweighed the immediate danger of infection and illness.
Key Words Persian Gulf  Gulf states  Labor Migration  Migrant Workers  Pandemic  COVID-19 
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3
ID:   175811


Vagaries of the In-Between: Labor Citizenship in the Persian Gulf / Babar, Zahra R   Journal Article
Babar, Zahra R Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract There is no precise English equivalent to this Hindustani proverb. A rolling stone gathers no moss, between the devil and the deep blue sea, between a rock and a hard place, torn between two masters—none of these really fit. The dhobi ka kuta is the dog who figuratively and literally runs every day between two places, two obligations, and two choices. Does he stay behind to guard the master's house or does he guard his master as he washes clothes by the river? There will be a trade-off either way. The phrase does not conjure up vagabond restlessness or nomadic liberation. It evokes the anxiety of rootlessness, and the lack of certainty about choice and loyalty. It is about the doubt cast your way for not picking one thing over the other. It is about being stuck in the vagaries of the in-between.
Key Words Persian Gulf  Labor Citizenship 
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