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LAWRENCE, MARK (3) answer(s).
 
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ID:   168207


First Carlist War (1833–40), insurgency, Ramón Cabrera, and expeditionary warfare / Lawrence, Mark   Journal Article
Lawrence, Mark Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract The period 1833 to 1840 witnessed a brutal civil war in Spain waged between insurgent Carlists and the government Cristinos. The Carlists managed to secure reliable territorial control only over one part of Spain (upland Navarra and rural parts of the neighbouring Basque provinces). Although pockets of armed Carlism flourished elsewhere in Spain, especially in Catalonia, Aragón and Galicia, these insurgents were ineffective at coordinating actions. The Carlist court in the Basque country tried to break its strategic blockade by launching a series of expeditions into Cristino-held territory in the hope of destabilising the Madrid regime and consolidating distant insurrections. This article explains how and why these expeditions scored tactical victories but strategic failures. In particular it argues that Carlist raiding strategy was a failure, for its use of violence against real and imagined enemies in marginal and Cristino areas of control alienated civilian support.
Key Words Violence  Guerrilla  Carlism  Ramón Cabrera  Raiding 
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2
ID:   133517


Poachers turned gamekeepers: a study of the guerrilla phenomenon in Spain, 1808-1840 / Lawrence, Mark   Journal Article
Lawrence, Mark Journal Article
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Publication 2014.
Summary/Abstract This article modifies the associations made by historians and political scientists of Spanish guerrilla warfare with revolutionary insurgency. First, it explains how the guerrilla phenomenon moved from a Leftist to a reactionary symbol. Second, it compares the insurgency and counter-insurgency features of the Carlist War (1833-1840) with those of the better-known Peninsular War (1808-1814). Third, it shows how erstwhile guerrilla leaders during the Carlist War made their expertise available to the counter-insurgency, in a socio-economic as well as military setting. This article revises the social banditry paradigm in nineteenth-century Spain in the under-researched context of Europe bloodiest nineteenth-century civil war.
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3
ID:   168203


Why a nineteenth-century study? / Lawrence, Mark   Journal Article
Lawrence, Mark Journal Article
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Key Words Guerrilla 
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