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| 1 |
ID:
135213
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| Summary/Abstract |
WHEREVER ONE looks these days, crises, conflicts and chaos seem to rule. From Tripoli to Tokyo, from Kiev to Caracas, the pace of violence appears to be accelerating. “Looking back over my more than half a century in intelligence,” the director of national intelligence, James Clapper, testified earlier this year, “I have not experienced a time when we’ve been beset by more crises and threats around the globe.
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| 2 |
ID:
137052
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| Summary/Abstract |
The need for Communications Intelligence in the Netherlands was first felt by the Dutch military as a consequence of the outbreak of the First World War. The decision to prolong, as in the Netherlands, or establish, as in the case of the East Indies, COMINT facilities belonged to the judicial domain and was primarily related to threats posed by revolutionary movements from within the country. The monitoring of traffic from foreign embassies or consulates happened only when interference from foreign governments was suspected. Japanese expansionism, leading to direct Japanese involvement in the political developments in the East Indies, provided such a case. As a consequence, the fine line between domestic and foreign affairs became thinner still until it entirely vanished during the later part of the 1930s.
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| 3 |
ID:
134231
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| Summary/Abstract |
A top diplomat from one of America's most dependable Middle Eastern allies said to me in July of this year, "but you no longer know how to act like one."
He was reflecting on America's position in the world almost halfway into President Barack Obama's second term. Fresh in his mind was the extraordinary string of errors (schizophrenic Egypt policy, bipolar Syria policy), missteps (zero Libya post-intervention strategy, alienation of allies in the Middle East and elsewhere), scandals (spying on Americans, spying on friends), halfway measures (pinprick sanctions against Russia, lecture series to Central Americans on the border crisis), unfulfilled promises (Cairo speech, pivot to Asia), and outright policy failures (the double-down then get-out approach in Afghanistan, the shortsighted Iraq exit strategy).
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| 4 |
ID:
135171
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| Summary/Abstract |
The spectacular commando-style terrorist strike on Mumbai in November 2008 exposed India's lax internal security structure. As nearly all the security apparatus broke down during the long spell of attacks, massive public outrage flared up across the country calling for a firmer government response. Shockingly, India has done little to prevent a recurrence and a new security threat faces the country every single day not merely before but even after the Mumbai attacks. In contrast, Pakistan's Inter Services Intelligence and the Lashkar-e-Taiba have successfully evaded pressures from both India and the international community and continue their terror campaign against India under the “Karachi Project” with the explicit intention to unsettle South Asia. Classified documents indicated that India is at the forefront of a cataclysmic “nuclear terrorism” threat from a “combination of Pakistan-based terrorists and homegrown radicals.” This article analyses the danger posed by the Indo-Pak radical groups targeting India and India's lack of preparedness to the new security threat from the “Karachi Project.”
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| 5 |
ID:
136815
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Persian Gulf region has 63 percent of OIL and 39 percent of gas reserves globally. 45 percent of OECD oil is from the Gulf and the USA imports 60 percent from the Gulf. In 2003 oil exports from Gulf were 705 million tones. Oil production/ reserves outside Gulf are declining. At current rates of production, Gulf oil is likely to last at least for the next 50 years. Besides the Gulf region, the entire West Asia and North Africa also has substantial oil and gas resources. Due to this, the region has become the focus of attention especially of the USA. Oil was an important reason for US invasion of Iraq, in view of mounting threats from Al Qaeda in Saudi Arabia. This has led to growth of religious groups which are opposing regimes allied to West especially in the GCC, using terrorism to destroy oil facilities. The unresolved Arab-Israeli conflict and continued Palestinian sufferings has further aggravated this issue. Escalating US-Israeli threats to Iran, disintegration of Somalia, uncertainty in Yemen so on has led to growing maritime security threats. Thus, lack of democracy and related instability, religious extremism, terrorism, sectarianism, border disputes, human rights violations, besides the above reasons are the emerging threats. India imports over 70 % of oil needs and bulk of it comes from Gulf. There are nearly 5 million Indians in GCC states working and sending over $20 billion as remittances, Indo-GCC TRADE is of the order over $100 billion and from investment point of view GCC is important. At the same time, India has been affected by the oil shocks—at least six times in the last 35 years. The paper apart from highlighting the above issues will also discuss what measures need to be adopted to ensure India’s energy security.
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