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| 1 |
ID:
134765
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| Summary/Abstract |
Population ageing is one of the most pressing problems around the world, especially in the context of urbanisation and industrialisation. In China, the issue of aged care is particularly complex as the state’s “one child” policy, increased life expectancy, the weakened role of family care and the limitation of formal care provision all interact with one another, thereby exacerbating the problem. This article analyses the challenges of the Chinese traditional care pattern for the elderly, examines the development of long-term care provisions and then discusses the further development of elderly care models in urban China.
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| 2 |
ID:
135862
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| Summary/Abstract |
Twenty years after independence the labour market of western Kazakhstan is strongly oriented towards the resource-extraction industry. The oil sector offers job opportunities not only in mining and exploration but also in connected services such as transport, security and food supply, and maintenance services. Based on a year of ethnographic fieldwork in the region, I argue that the resource-extraction industry provides a blessing for the working population in terms of relatively high salaries; however, it represents a curse in terms of labour conditions. This article highlights, through the example of Aktobe province, workers’ attitudes towards and their agency within the oil sector that influences migration choices. The research suggests that money earned in the oil sector can work as a catalyst for migration and urbanization.
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| 3 |
ID:
134236
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| Summary/Abstract |
The North American scholarship on gated housing communities posits the desire for security as the main driver for gating, but does this hold true for less wealthy countries? To address this question, this study examines evidence of why people live behind gates in Malaysia and Ghana and investigates the socio-economic implications of gating. It uses a critical institutional framework anchored on Foucault’s interpretation of ‘panopticon’ and Runciman’s theory of relative deprivation, while drawing empirical evidence from surveys and emic experiences. It finds that, while security is an important reason, it is the provision of quality housing services that is reported as the single most important reason for living behind gates. ‘Quality service’ is, however, shorthand for a preference for privileged status. Further, the paper reveals that it is more helpful to see the binary between quality and security as constituting a flexible continuum of motives. Inhabitants of gated housing communities may be primarily motivated by quality service or prestige. Yet, as they set themselves up against the rest of society by enclosing themselves in walls of affluence, they begin to feel a need for greater security. This feeling of insecurity is heightened as people outside the gates feel relatively deprived. Thus, the desire for security becomes illusory and attainment of privilege, pyrrhic, while the harsh socio-economic conditions for a large stratum of the urban population living outside the gates persist and are sometimes worsened.
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| 4 |
ID:
134884
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The first release of the Sixth National Population Census results in April 2011 revealed that mainland China had a total population of 1339.72 million, of which 665.58 million resided in urbanized areas. This suggested that the urbanization process had accelerated during the period 2000–2010, with an increase of the urbanization rate from 36.09% to 49.68%. However, due to the incomparability of the Censuses data, caution must be taken when urbanists investigate or model Chinese cities by such datasets. This research note summarizes and compares the shifting definitions of city (市,shi) and urban population (城市人口,chengshi renkou) statistics with an emphasis on the Sixth Census, and analyzes their implications for measuring and understanding the urbanization process in China.
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| 5 |
ID:
134360
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since economic reforms began in 1978, China's urban population has increased by half a billion. Over the next 20 years, cities will likely add another 300 million people through local population growth, migration and the integration of nearby rural areas. Cities account for the majority of resource use and pollution so achieving greener growth will depend on developing and implementing a more sustainable urbanization model. China's leaders have responded to these challenges with ambitious goals and comprehensive environmental laws and regulations. These have so far not significantly reduced the harm from air, water and soil pollution: in large measure because China's green governance does not match its green ambitions. Drawing on the World Bank's work on green growth and a recent joint urbanization study by the Development Research Center of China's State Council and the World Bank, this paper reviews recent academic research on green governance in urban China and discusses its main implications in the context of emerging global green growth concepts.
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| 6 |
ID:
136693
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| Summary/Abstract |
The countryside has been neglected in the dash for urbanization. But attention is now focusing on agricultural productivity. To succeed, farmers need more independence to manage the land
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