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| 1 |
ID:
136020
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| Summary/Abstract |
Europe’s attempts to expand its sources of natural gas have been hampered by a series of geopolitical challenges, Georgiy Voloshin and Andrew Neff examine whether the planned southern gas corridor will reduce Europe’s reliance on Russia supplies.
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| 2 |
ID:
135865
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper deals with the strategies of households living in a peripheral high-mountain region in order to cope with the post-Soviet energy crisis. The Soviet modernization project failed at connecting the region to the grid, and imported coal for heating and fuel for producing electric energy at high costs over long distances. After the collapse of this alimentation system, people have substituted energy demands with wood and shrubs, and used increasingly available low-cost Chinese solar equipment to produce electrical energy. International development actors have failed to increase acceptance for energy efficiency technologies. Despite the Pamirs' high potential for solar and wind energy and decreasing installation costs, Soviet-style state planning of energy infrastructure still favours big hydropower stations, despite their high (social) costs and the limited potential on the Pamir plateau. The paper will discuss bottom-up effects of household decisions and top-down strategies as potentials and obstacles for a sustainable energy supply in the Pamirs.
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| 3 |
ID:
136817
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| Summary/Abstract |
The strong motivated ISIS is a indirectly, the creation of International Community. Had the international community taken early step and forced al-Assad to step down by supporting his democratic opponents, this monster would not have been there. Policies persuaded by the powers like Russia, China and America perpetuated the autocratic rulers al Assad in Syria and this made the entry and position of ISIS strong.
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| 4 |
ID:
136302
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| Summary/Abstract |
The subject of the resource curse has been studied extensively and the standard conclusion is that countries rich in natural resources are doomed to perform poorly. However the empirical evidence is not so clear cut as to agree with this conclusion. Norway is an oil economy, yet its economy has performed admirably. Other countries such as Netherlands and the United States have done the same
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| 5 |
ID:
136520
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| Summary/Abstract |
The inadequacies of a sectoral approach for natural resource based development programme are obvious. The distribution of resources and their utilization have proceeded over time in an integrated way which cannot be fully appraised through sectoral analysis. The analysis fails to provide an insight in to the linkages between different socio-economic groups and the way these relate to natural resources and its governance and management institutions. For sustainable use and development of natural resources, the customarily followed rules evolved historically, mediating the relation between various groups and natural resources are in regular conflict with institutions formed and backed by state agencies founded on sectoral understanding of natural resources.
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| 6 |
ID:
134829
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| Summary/Abstract |
On May 26, 2013. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, addressing the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, unveiled his plan for the Palestinian Economic Initiative, stating: “It is time to put in place a new model of development that is bigger and bolder than anything proposed since the Oslo Accord."‘ However, this paper argues that far from awarding the belligerent occupant a transformative license to utilize inter alia the natural resources of the occupied territory for economic development, these resources are instead limited by reference to Article 55 of the Hague Regulations. The Palestinian Economic Initiative.
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| 7 |
ID:
134813
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| Summary/Abstract |
Looking closely at Israel’s obligations over Palestinian natural resources, we can see that Israel, as an occupying power, does not obtain sovereignty over the West Bank, East Jerusalem or the Gaza Strip, and acts as an administrator of the land as long as the occupation continues.
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| 8 |
ID:
136131
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| Summary/Abstract |
The importance of the Northern Sea Route is not in trying to make it a new Suez Canal, but in giving a boost to the development of service industries (mainly high-tech industries) and adjacent regions, as well as in opening one more window of opportunity for Russia’s integration into the global world.
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| 9 |
ID:
137132
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Natural resources represent both peril and promise for peacebuilding. Natural resources can support economic recovery and sustainable livelihoods, and contribute to trust and cooperation frequently lacking in war-torn societies. Natural resources can also catalyse social disputes and provide revenue for would-be insurgents. Recognition that natural resources can be an opportunity and challenge for peace has led international peacebuilders to intervene in post-conflict countries to establish governance reforms that promote sustainable peace and development. This article examines international efforts to govern natural resources in the aftermath of conflict. Specifically, it focuses on Liberia, where timber was recognized as a key factor in fuelling the decade-long civil war; and as a result, forest reform was a peacebuilding priority. I argue that although there have been some positive results, the forest reform process has been controversial in part due to international interventions that mirror pre-war forest governance arrangements in which patronage and corruption historically took root and work to rekindle past sources of tension. I suggest that international peacebuilders should not see themselves as interveners but conveners that use natural resource governance as a way to build confidence and serve as a foundation for cooperation and peace.
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| 10 |
ID:
136502
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| Summary/Abstract |
Most explanations of economic growth focus on conditions or incentives at the global or national level. They correlate prosperity with factors such as geography, demography, natural resources, political development, national culture, or official policy choices. Other explanations operate at the industry level, trying to explain why some sectors prosper more than others. At the end of the day, however, it is not societies, governments, or industries that create jobs but companies and their leaders. It is entrepreneurs and businesses that choose to spend or not, INVEST or not, hire or not.
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| 11 |
ID:
134558
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Chinese contract is a new source of export revenue for Gazprom and customs revenue to the Russian budget, which reduces Russia’s financial dependence on gas sales to European countries.
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